Building account

Ironically, the two applications that Midgley developed CFCs for— refrigeration and air-conditioning in buildings—accounted for less than one-fifth of the CFCs used by the United States at their peak in 1985. More than half of all CFCs were in industrial solvents—uses that Midgley may never have imagined. 

Rota M, Penna A, Magenes G (2014) A framework for the seismic assessment of existing masonry buildings accounting for different somces of imcertainty. Earthq Eng Stmct Dyn 43(7) 1045-1066 Saiidi M, Sozen MA (1981) Simple nonlinear seismic analysis of R/C stmctures. J Stmct Div ASCE 107(5) 937-953... 

Christchurch, Mw 6.1 (2011) 185 16,000 86.5 0.919 Collapses of two mid-rise RC buildings accounted for 70 % of the deaths. People were killed on the streets by out-of-plane failure of masonry debris... 

Retrofitting of existing code-deficient steel buildings accounts for a major portion of the total cost of hazard mitigation. Therefore, it is... 

There is some uncertainty connected with testing techniques, errors of characteristic measurements, and influence of fectors that carmot be taken into account for building up a model. As these factors cannot be evaluated a priori and their combination can bring unpredictable influence on the testing results it is possible to represent them as additional noise action [4], Such an approach allows to describe the material and testing as a united model — dynamic mathematical model. 

Taking into account that size and weight can change tremendously fi-om one object to the next, it is obvious that the CT- system had to be build in a very versatile but robust manner. For example heavy objects have to be moved very carefully, whereas small objects have to be measured as fast as possible and as accurate as possible. For that reason the turntable is equipped with an instrument, which limits the velocity, if the weight of the object is above a preselectable threshold. 

Metrological attestation as the procedure that ensures reproducibility and comparability of the results of measurements is specified in GOST 8.010-90 State System of Measurements. Procedures of Measurements Implementation didn t find wide use in NDT. In airspace industry, railway and naval transport the requirements of approval of test procedures is in force more than 20 years. In chemical and oil-chemical sectors the similar requirements were less explicit. In some industries, for example in building GOST 8.010-90 was not put into account. 

Account must be taken in design and operation of the requirements for the production and consumption of xenon-135 [14995-12-17, Xe, the daughter of iodine-135 [14834-68-5] Xenon-135 has an enormous thermal neutron cross section, around 2.7 x 10 cm (2.7 x 10 bams). Its reactivity effect is constant when a reactor is operating steadily, but if the reactor shuts down and the neutron flux is reduced, xenon-135 builds up and may prevent immediate restart of the reactor. 

The tremendous growth of the aluminum industry as compared to that of other nonferrous metals is shown in Table 10 (30). Aluminum production by country is given in Table 11 (34). The principal markets for aluminum in the United States are containers, packaging, building and constmction, and transportation. These markets accounted for 60% of industry shipments in 1989. Table 12 (34) shows per capita consumption of aluminum. 

The polyurethane industry is dominated by the multinational isocyanate producers. Several of the principal isocyanate producers, including BASF, Bayer, Dow, ICI, and Olin, also manufacture polyols, the other significant building block for polyurethanes. Annual production capacities of the global aromatic isocyanate producers are Hsted in Table 11. Polyols, mainly used for flexible foam production, account for 65 wt % in a flexible foam formulation, 35% in rigid polyurethane foams, and even less in PUIR foams. 

Type I (Normal). This is the general purpose Pordand cement used for all appHcations where special properties are not needed. Common appHcations include concretes for paving, building doors, roof decks, reinforced concrete buildings, pipes, tanks, bridges, and other precast concrete products. In 1989 Type I and Type II accounted for over 92% of the Pordand cement produced in U.S. plants. Exact data are not available that separate Type I and Type II Pordand cement, but it can be assumed that Type I production was much greater than Type II. 

---