Brown planthoppers

Lou YG, Cheng JA (2003) Role of rice volatiles in the foraging behaviour of the predator Cyrtorhinus lividipennis for the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. Biocontrol 48 73-86... 

Lou YG, Ma B, Cheng JA (2005) Attraction of the parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae to lice volatiles induced by the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. J Chem Ecol 31 2357-2372... 

This compound was essentially non-toxic to house flies by topical application but showed moderate activity against the green rice leafhopper and brown planthopper as a residual spray. These results raise the possibility of applying derivatization reactions for the synthesis of polymeric insecticidal materials which may act as slow release agents. 

Koh, H. S., M. Kim, T. Obata, H. Fukami, and S. Ishii. Antifeedant in barnyard grass against the brown planthopper-trans-aconitic acid. Rice Brown Planthopper (Pap Semin) 1976 Food Fert Technol Center Asian Pac Reg, Taipei, Taiwan. 

Grayer, R.J. et al., Phenolics in rice phloem sap as sucking deterrents to the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, Acta Hortic., 381, 691, 1994. 

Isolation from a bacterial symbiont (Enterobacter sp.) of a brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) (a) A. Fredenhagen, S. Y. Tamura, P. T. 

Powell, K.S., Gatehouse, A.M.R., Hilder, V.A., and Gatehouse, J.A., Antifeedant effects of plant lectins and an enzyme on the adult stage of the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, Entomol. Exp. Appl., 75, 51-59, 1995. 

Liu, Z., Williamson, M.S., Lansdell, S.J., Denholm, I., Han, Z., and Millar, N.S. A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mutation conferring target site resistance to imidacloprid in Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 8420, 2005. 

Vontas, J.G., Small, G.J., Nikou, D.C., Ranson, H., and Hemingway, J., Purification, molecular cloning and heterologous expression of a glutathione S-transferase involved in insecticide resistance from the brown planthopper, Nilaparzmta lugens, Biochem. /., 362,329, 2002. 

Sharma R, Komatsu S, Noda H. Proteomic analysis of brown planthopper Application to the study of carbamate toxicity. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2004 34(5) 425-32. 

Rice plant allelochemics greatly influenced behavior and physiology of striped stemborer (SSB), Chilo suppressalis (Walker), brown planthopper (BPH),... 

Saxena, R. C. Pathak, M. D. In "Brown Planthopper Threat to Rice Production in Asia" International Rice Research Institute Laguna, Philippines, 1979 pp. 304-17. 

Heinrichs, E.A. (1979) Chemical control of brown planthopper. In Brown Planthop-per Threat to Rice Production in Asia, IRRI Publications, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 145-167. 

Diazinon applied to paddy water at 2 kilogram/ha active ingredient every 20 days has controlled for several years common insect pest of rice at the International Rice Research Institute. After its continuous use for three and a half years, its efficiency for controlling rice brown planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens Stal) declined. Preliminary studies indicated that biodegradation might be involved. Detailed studies were undertaken and reported elsewhere (17). However, brief descriptions of the procedures used will be provided for better clarity to the reader. 

Oral toxicity of aryl N-methylcarbamates to the rat indicate a complexity similar to that observed against the housefly (10) and brown planthopper (11,12). Complex ortho-effects and strong H-bond-Ing for some substituents combine to modify toxicity. The major mechanistic step In carbamate poisoning is strong binding to an AChE site. The parallel factors Involved for Insects and animals are consistent with death due to AChE Inhibition. 

Recently, resistance to imidacloprid became a serious problem for crop protection. Comparative studies of other neonicotinoids revealed a high crossresistance to acetamiprid and thiamethoxam against imidacloprid-resistant strains [22]. However, bioassays exhibited that 4a has good activity against imidacloprid-resistant strains of brown planthopper (Table IV), showing very low cross-resistance to imidacloprid, as shown in Table V. 

Target-Site Resistance to Neonicotinoid Insecticides in the Brown Planthopper NUaparvata lugens... 

Whereas S. B. Soloway had originally assumed that the for insecticidal activity critical nitromethylene unit would have to be attached to a heterocycle, scientists at Takeda Chemicals were able to show that acyclic compoimds possessed good insecticidal properties as well. They developed a product to control two important pests in rice, both are cicada species the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) and the green rice leafhopper Nephotettix cincticeps) (Fig. 8.45). 

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