Bromine trifluoride pentafluoride

Fluorine reacts with the halogens and antimony to produce several compounds of commercial importance antimony pentafluoride [7783-70-2J, bromine trifluoride [7787-71 chlorine trifluoride [7790-91 -2J, and iodine pentafluoride [7783-66-6J. Chlorine trifluoride is used in the processing of UF (see Uraniumand uranium compounds). Bromine trifluoride is used in chemical cutting by the oil well industry (see Petroleum). Antimony and iodine pentafluorides are used as selective fluorinating agents to produce fluorochemical intermediates (see Fluorine compounds, inorganic). 

The halogen fluorides are binary compounds of bromine, chlorine, and iodine with fluorine. Of the eight known compounds, only bromine trifluoride, chlorine trifluoride, and iodine pentafluoride have been of commercial importance. Properties and appHcations have been reviewed (1 7) as have the reactions with organic compounds (8). Reviews covering the methods of preparation, properties, and analytical chemistry of the halogen fluorides are also available (9). 

Liquid Halogen Fluorides as Reaction Media. Bromine trifluoride and iodine pentafluoride are highly dimerized and behave as ionizing... 

Bismuth pentafluoride is an active fluorinating agent. It reacts explosively with water to form ozone, oxygen difluoride, and a voluminous chocolate-brown precipitate, possibly a hydrated bismuth(V) oxyfluoride. A similar brown precipitate is observed when the white soHd compound bismuth oxytrifluoride [66172-91 -6] BiOF, is hydrolyzed. Upon standing, the chocolate-brown precipitate slowly undergoes reduction to yield a white bismuth(Ill) compound. At room temperature BiF reacts vigorously with iodine or sulfur above 50°C it converts paraffin oil to fluorocarbons at 150°C it fluorinates uranium tetrafluoride to uranium pentafluoride and at 180°C it converts Br2 to bromine trifluoride, BrF, and bromine pentafluoride, BrF, and chlorine to chlorine fluoride, GIF. It apparently does not react with dry oxygen. 

Bromine monofluoride [13863-59-7], BrF, can be prepared by the direct reaction of Br2 and F2, but because it readily disproportionates it has never been prepared in pure form (57). However, BrF can be prepared in situ by the reaction of Br2 with AgF in benzene (58) or by the reaction of A/-bromoacetamide and HF in ether (59). BrF adds to simple alkenes at room temperature to give products of trans-addition. Bromine trifluoride [7787-71-5], BrF, can be formed from gaseous fluorine and Hquid bromine (60). Bromine pentafluoride [7789-30-2], BrF, is formed from the reaction of BrF vapor with gaseous fluorine at 200°C (60). The tri- and pentafluorides are commercially available. As strong fluorinating agents they are useful in... 

The time-weighted, 8-h average limit for exposure to bromine pentafluoride is 0.1 ppm (67). Materials of constmction suitable for use with the bromine fluorides include nickel. Monel metal, or Teflon. For shipping, bromine trifluoride and pentafluoride are classified as oxidizers under DOT regulations. The trifluoride also requires a poison label. 

Bromine trifluoride and pentafluoride Chlorine trifluoride Iodine monochloride... 

Ammonium perchlorate Carbon Bromine pentafluoride Acids, etc. Bromine trifluoride Halogens, etc. Chlorine trifluoride Metals, etc. MRH 6.19/85... 

See Bromine trifluoride Ammonium halides Bromine pentafluoride Acids, etc. 

Aluminum phosphide Amyl trichlorosilane Benzoyl chloride Boron tribromide Boron trifluoride Boron trifluoride etherate Bromine pentafluoride Bromine trifluoride n-Butyl isocyanate Butyllithium Butyric anhydride Calcium Calcium carbide Chlorine trifluoride Chloro silanes Chlorosulfonic acid Chromium oxychloride Cyanamide Decaborane Diborane... 

Ammonium dichromate Ammonium nitrate Ammonium perchlorate Ammonium permanganate Ammonium persulfate Amyl nitrate Barium bromate Barium chlorate Barium hypochlorite Barium perchlorate Barium permanganate Barium peroxide Bromine pentafluoride Bromine trifluoride l-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH)... 

Bromine fluoride, 0238 Bromine pentafluoride, 0243 Bromine trifluoride, 0241 Chlorine fluoride, 3971 Chlorine pentafluoride, 3989 Chlorine trifluoride, 3981... 

Bromine trifluoride is a highly reactive compound. It ignites or explodes in contact with a wide array of substances including water, finely divided metals, metal oxides and salts and organics. See Bromine Pentafluoride. 

Fluorine also reacts with other halogens, forming interhalogen compounds. While with bromine and iodine it reacts vigorously at ordinary temperatures, with chlorine the reaction occurs at 200°C. Such interhalogen products with these halogens include iodine heptafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bromine pentafluoride, and chlorine trifluoride. Metalloid elements, such as arsenic, silicon, selenium, and boron also inflame in a stream of fluorine, forming fluorides. 

Bromine Pentafluoride Bromine Trifluoride Bromobenzene Bromobenzol Bromofume... 

At ambient temperature xenon difluoride is very soluble in hydrogen fluoride, bromine trifluoride, iodine pentafluoride, sulfur dioxide, sulfuryl chloride fluoride, acetonitrile it is... 

Bromine monofluoride or iodine monofluoride can be prepared from the corresponding elements in trichlorofluoromethane at — 781 and — 45 C,2,3 respectively. The compounds are unstable and decompose at low temperatures, iodine monofluoridc at — 14 C2,3 and bromine monofluoride, in part, even at — 78 C.1 Therefore, they are used, without separation and purification, in Freon solutions at low temperatures or, most frequently, as stoichiometric mixtures bromine trifluoride/bromine and iodine pentafluoride/iodine. A solution of iodine monofluoride, obtained by bubbling nitrogen-diluted fluorine gas into a suspension of iodine in trichlorofluoromethane at — 75 C, was used for addition to alkene C = C bonds. The reaction is regioselective and in most cases obeys the Markovnikov rule.4 Iodine monofiuoride prepared in situ reacts quite efficiently with steroidal alkenes.4... 

The stoichiometric equivalents of bromine monofluoride and iodine monofluoride are obtained by reacting bromine trifluoride with bromine and iodine pentafluoride with 2 equivalents of iodine. A convenient procedure for the preparation of bromine trifluoride from bromine and fluorine has been described.6 Iodine pentafluoride can be obtained by passing fluorine gas over solid7 or molten8 iodine. 

The mixtures bromine trifluoride/bromine and iodine pentafluoride/iodine can be successfully employed to prepare bromo- and iodo-substituted fluoroalkanes by addition to poly-fluoroalkenes. The reactions are carried out, in the presence of catalysts aluminum, aluminum/ aluminum triiodide9 or without a catalyst,10 in steel reactors at room temperature or with heating. In most cases the addition products are obtained in high yield (see Table 1). 

Considering bromine trifluoride as an example, the self-ionization is shown in equation (1). Dissolution of fluoride acceptors, such as antimony pentafluoride, gives compounds formally containing the difluorobromine(III) cation, and correspondingly, dissolution of fluoride donors, such as potassium fluoride, gives compounds containing the tetrafluorobromate(III) anion. 

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