British Journal Laboratory

Frisch then demonstrated in his laboratory the tremendous release of energy accompanying fission, and a short paper by Meitner and Frisch in the British journal Natnrcin 1939 revealed the moinelitous concept of nuclear fission to the scientific world. It provided a new source of energy for the Earth, while at the same time introducing the possibility of a new weapon capable of tinbelicr able destructive power. 

Duvic, M. and Zhang, C. (2006) Clinical and laboratory e5q>erience of vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) in die treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. British Journal of Cancer, 95, S13—S19. 

Grenby, T.H., Phillips, A., Desai, T. and Mistry, M. (1989) Laboratory studies of the dental properties of soft drinks. British Journal of Nutrition, 62 451-64. 

Sweden s National Food Administration went public with their findings in 2002 and the news naturally caused alarm, especially when a leading member of that organization said It seems reasonable to assume that... several hundred of the annual cancer cases in Sweden may be attributed to acrylamide. Hundreds in Sweden implied hundreds of thousands worldwide. Acrylamide was already known to cause cancer in laboratory rats although these are specially bred to be susceptible to the disease. Such susceptibility doesn t automatically mean it will cause cancer in humans, indeed it rarely follows, and an investigation published in the British Journal of Cancer in 2003 said that there was... 

British Journal of Industrial Medicine 48 234-238, 1991 Neuberger M, Rape C, Bergek S, et al Persistent health effects of dioxin contamination in herbicide production. Environ Res 81 206-214, 1999 O Donoghue JL Cyclic halogenated hydrocarbons and related substances, in Neurotoxicity of Industrial and Commercial Chemicals, Vol II. Edited by O Donoghue JL. Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1985, pp 155-168 Oliver RM Toxic effects of 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo 1,4 dioxin in laboratory workers. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 32 49-53, 1975 Ott MG, Holder BB, Olson RD A mortality analysis of employees engaged in the manufacture of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Journal of Occupational Medicine 22 47-50, 1980... 

Avar P, Czegledi-Janko G Occupational exposure to aldrin clinical and laboratory findings. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 27 279-282,1970... 

Czegledi-Janko G, Avar P Occupational exposure to lindane clinical and laboratory findings. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 27 283-286, 1970 Espir MLE, flail JW, Shirreffs JG, et al Impotence in farm workers using toxic chemicals. BMJ 1 423-425, 1970... 

Cf Seymour M. Mauskopf, Introduction, in Mauskopf, ed.. Chemical Sciences in the Modern World (Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993) Ernst Homburg, The emergence of research laboratories in the dyestuff industry, 1879-1900, British Journal for the History of Science, 25 (1992), 91-111. The many often excellent studies on laboratory life we have today rarely relate academic work to industrialization. 

On February 27, 1932, in a letter to the British journal Nature, physicist James Chadwick of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University, Ernest Rutherford s laboratory, announced the possible existence of a neutron. (He confirmed the neutron s existence in a longer paper in the Proceedings of the Royal Society four months later, but Szilard would no more have doubted it at the time of Chadwick s first cautious announcement than did Chadwick himself like many scientific discoveries, it was obvious once it was demonstrated, and Szilard could repeat the demonstration in Berlin if he chose.) The neutron, a particle with nearly the same mass as the positively charged proton that until 1932 was the sole certain component of the atomic nucleus, had no electric charge, which meant it... 

This has been properly shown for the dyestuffs industry and chemical education. See Ernst Homburg, The Emergence of Research Laboratories in the Dyestuffs Industry, 1870-1900 , British Journal for... 

Homburg, E. (1992), The emergence of research laboratories in the dyestuffs industry, 1870-1900, The British Journal for the History of Science 25, 91 111. 

O. P. Edmonds, and M. S. Bourne. Sodium azide poisoning in five laboratory technicians. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 39 308-309 (1982). 

R. M. Oliver. Toxic effects of 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin in laboratory workers. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 32, 49-53 (1975). 

Compare the creation of jobs for industrial chemists in the innovative dye industry with the situation in the British alkali industry studied by Donnelly (this volume). For a general account of the profession of industrial research chemists see E. Homburg, Emergence of research laboratories in the dyestuffs industry 1870-1900 , British Journal for the History of Science, 25 (1992), 91-112, and the contribution by Reinhardt to this volume. Reinhardt is correct in stating that research laboratories in the industry evolved before, and without respect to, the presence of a patent law. Nevertheless patent laws and other devices for legally granting monopoly on chemical inventions for chemical inventions did encourage laboratory research in later decades. 

G. Gooday, Precision measurement and the genesis of physics teaching laboratories in Victorian Britain , British Journal for the History of Science, 23 (1990), 25-51. 

Mortimer, K. V. Tranter, T. C. (1969). A preliminary laboratory evaluation of polycarboxylate cements. British Dental Journal, 127, 365-9. 

Joseph Lockyer (1836-1920) was one of the pioneers of solar spectroscopy. In examining the spectra of solar prominences in 1869, Lockyer noticed an absorption line that he could not identify. Reasoning that it represented an element not present on Earth, he proposed a new element - helium, from the Greek word helios for Sun. This idea failed to achieve acceptance from Lockyer s scientific colleagues until a gas having the same mysterious spectral line was found 25 years later in rocks. The helium in terrestrial uranium ore formed as a decay product of radioactive uranium. Thus, this abundant element was first discovered in the Sun, rather than in the laboratory. Lockyer s cosmochemical discovery was recognized by the British government, which created a solar physics laboratory for him. Lockyer also founded the scientific journal Nature, which he edited for 50 years. 

That year, Pope accepted a post as an Abstractor and Editor of Abstract Journals for the Research Association of British Rubber Manufacturers, leaving them in 1938 to work with Kodak as Journal Abstractor and Indexer at their Research Laboratories in Harrow, joining her longtime friend, Hamer (see above). She took a position as Research Librarian at the Distillers Research Department, Epsom, in 1944 — the same year she married Johannus Martinus Hulsken, a Chief Officer in the Dutch Merchant Navy. Pope continued working after marriage but in 1948, she resigned her position prior to the... 

Baynes-Cope, A.D. 1974. The scientific examination of the Vinland map at the Research Laboratory of the British Museum. Geographical Journal 140 208-211. 

Webb, Wetherley-Mein, Gordon Smith and McMahon Leukaemia and Neoplastic Process treated with Langat and Kyasanur Forest Disease Viruses a clinical and laboratory study of 28 patients , British Medical Journal (29 January 1966), pp. 258—66. 

Under the heading Examples I have collected laboratory measurements, well-known formulae, practical problems and exercises to illustrate the text immediately preceding. A few of the problems are abstract exercises in pure mathematics, old friends, which have run through dozens of text-books. The greater number, however, are based upon measurements, etc., recorded in papers in the current science journals (Continental, American or British) and are used in this connection for the first time. 

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