Myoepithelial cells , breast tumors

This section summarizes the current information about different human keratins, their functional significance, cell-type-specific distribution as well as their coexpression with myoepithelial markers and estrogen receptor alpha (ER), because these markers exhibit characteristic expression patterns in some human breast tumors. In many of these cases, a definite diagnosis can be achieved only when additional information is provided by immunohistochemistry. 

Tumors of the breast in which MEC differentiation predominates include adenomyoepithelioma, myoepithelioma, and myoepithelial cell carcinoma Although the majority of adenomyoepitheliomas are benign, occasional tumors may exhibit aggressive behavior in the form of carcinoma or myoepithelial... 

Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) Squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, Hiiithel cell tumors Detection of myoepithelial cells in prostatic carcinoma Keratinizing and non-keratinizing squamous epithelium, basal and myoepithelial cells in salivary glands, breast prostate and uterus, Hiiilhel thyroid cells... 

In addition, most salivary gland like tumors of the breast are basal-type (k5/ 14+progenitor cell derived) tumors with glandular or myoepithelial differentiation or with a heterologeous squamous or mesenchymal differentiation (Bocker, unpublished data). Basal-type carcinomas in the breast and its corresponding counterparts in the salivary gland (in brackets below) are represented by the following subtypes ... 

Recently p63, a homologue of the tumor suppressor protein p53, has gained use as a multi-tasker in multiple organs for the detection of MECs, basal cells (prostate), and myoepithelial differentiation (breast metaplastic carcinoma and salivary gland tumors) and as a marker for squamous differentiation. 78,29 advantage of... 

Myoepithelial tumors need to be separated from the rare primary spindle cell sarcoma of the breast, which may include fibrosarcoma (vimentin-positive), leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma (positive for muscle markers) synovial sarcoma (CK7-I- and CK19-f) malignant nerve sheath tumors (S-lOO-i- and vimen-tin-i-) and malignant fibrous histiocytomas (vimentin-i-). Although each of these tumors may have characteristic... 

Popnikolov NK, Ayala AG, Graves K, et al. Benign myoepithelial tumors of the breast have immunophenotypic characteristics similar to metaplastic matrix-producing and spindle cell carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 120 161-167. 

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