Branched lines

This indicates that the R branch lines occur at energies which grow closer and closer together as J increases (since the 15.88 - Ji term will cancel). The P branch lines occur at energies which lie more and more negative (i.e. to the left of the origin). So, you can... 

It is clear from Figure 6.8 that the band for each isotope is fairly symmetrical about the corresponding band centre and that there is approximately equal spacing between adjacent i -branch lines and between adjacent P-branch lines, with twice this spacing between the first R- and P-branch lines, R(0) and P(l). This spacing between R(0) and P(l) is called the zero gap and it is in this region where the band centre falls. 

From Equations (6.27) and (6.28) it follows that the zero gap, v[i (0)] — v[P(l)], is AB and that the spacing is 2B between adjacent i -branch lines and also between adjacent P-branch lines, hence the approximate symmetry of the band. 

The 0-branch lines are coincident in this approximation. The separation of the first 5-branch line 5(0) and the first O-branch line 0(2) is 125 and the separation of adjacent 5-branch lines and of adjacent O-branch lines is 45. 

Unless the cavity is tuned to a particular wavelength the vibration-rotation transition with the highest gain is the P-branch transition involving the rotational level which has the highest population in the 3 state. This is P(22), with J" = 22 and J = 21, at normal laser temperatures. The reason why this P-branch line is so dominant is that thermal redistribution of rotational level populations is faster than the population depletion due to emission. 

A Russian ammonia pipeline of nearly 2400 km extends from Togliatti on the Volga River to the Port of Odessa on the Black Sea, and a 2200-km, 250-mm dia branch line extends from Godovka in the Ukraine to Panioutino. The pipeline is constmcted of electric-resistance welded steel pipe with 7.9-mm thick walls but uses seamless pipe with 12.7-mm thick walls for river crossings. The pipeline is primed and taped with two layers of polyethylene tape and suppHed with a cathodic protection system for the entire pipeline. Mainline operating pressure is 8.15 MPa (1182 psi) and branch-line operating pressure is 9.7 MPa (1406 psi) (11). 

Specimen Location Service water system, branch line... 

The core of the network is the region of the rail network in which the branch line of two transformer substations or of any other branch line is less than 2 km distant in a direct line. All branch lines outside the core of the network are termed outlying lines. In a branched rail network, not only the stretches of line within a circle with a radius of 2 km from the most negative return current point of a transformer substation belong to the core of the network, but also connecting branch lines that are less than 2 km from each other [1]. The area of a network core can be simply determined on a track plan with the help of a circular template as in Fig. 15-1. 

Abzweig-leitung, /. branch line. -rohr, n., -rbhre,/. branch tube or pipe, -stromkreist m. (Elec.) derived circuit, shunt. 

Neben-hoden, m. Anat.) epididymis, -kem, m. Biol.) paranucleus, -kette,/. side chain, subordinate chain, -klasse, f. subsidiary class, -kosten, f.pl. extra costs, extras, -leiter, m. Elec.) branch conductor, -leitung, /. bypass branch line, -linie, /. secondary line branch line, -luft, /. admixed air secondary air, supplementary air. -niere, /. suprarenal capsule. 

Branch lines transfer oil from a ring main circuit to the oil-burning equipment. Where a residual oil fuel is to be used, there will be some cooling of the oil immediately adjacent to the pipe surfaces and this will show as a small increase in viscosity. To keep this variation to a minimum and so prevent any difficulties in atomization at the oil burner, care should be taken over the length and diameter of branch lines. Provision should always be made to isolate and drain branch lines. 

Internal diameter D < 10.4L(D < L/8) where D is in mm (in). Provision should always be made to isolate and drain branch lines. 

Steam pipes may be sized so that the pressure drop along them is within an acceptable limit, or so that velocities along them are not too high. It is convenient and quick to size shorter mains and branch lines on a velocity basis, but the pressure drops along longer runs should also be checked to verify that sufficient pressure is available at the delivery points. 

Table 35.2 Maximum recommended flow through branch lines of steel pipe ...

Most plants are highly dependent upon their compressed air supply and it should be assured that the air is in at least reasonable condition at all times, even if the drying system is out of use for maintenance or repair. It is possible that the line condensation would be so bad that some air applications would be handicapped or even shut down if there were no protection. A vital part of the entire endeavor to separate water in the conventional compressed air system is also the trapping of dirt, pipe scale and other contaminates. This is still necessary with a dried air system. As a minimum, all branch lines should be taken off the top of the main and all feeder lines off the top of branch lines. 

Fig. 3.13. Density-dependence of the Qo, branch line width y of methane (the dashed line is for pure vibrational dephasing, supposed to be Unear in density), (o) experimental data (with error bars) [162] Top part rotational contribution yR and its theoretical estimation in motional narrowing limit [162] (solid line) the points were obtained by subtraction of dephasing contribution y

A proper main line and branch line hookup is illustrated in Figure 4. 

A good knot for tying a branch line to a main line is the girth hitch with an extra turn around the main line (see Figure 5). The knot should be pulled up snugly and the branch line extended at 90 . 

Cut a piece of primacord of whatever length needed to provide a branch line to a primacord main line. Usually about 3 or 4 feet is sufficient. 

Tie a triple roll knot in the end of primacord of whatever length is needed for- a branch line. Insert the knot into the open fuse well of the mortar shell, and pack plastic explosive around it. Fasten the explosive and knot in place with tape, wire, or string. See Figure 49. 

Any number of mortar shells may be prepared either with the plastic explosive technique or by using the booster and attached by their primacord branch lines to a main primacord line for simultaneous firing. Or they may be interspersed along a road or trail with frag grenades or other improvised charges. 

Example 7-3 Flow in a Manifold. A manifold, or header, distributes fluid from a common source into various branch lines, as shown in the Fig. 7-7. The manifold diameter is chosen to be much larger than that of the branches, so the pressure drop in the manifold is much smaller than that in the branch lines, ensuring that the pressure is essentially the same entering each branch. However, these conditions cannot always be satisfied in practice, especially if the total flow rate is large and/or the manifold is not sufficiently larger than the branch lines, so the assumptions should be verified. 

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