Bone tissue engineering applications

V. E. Santo, A. M. Frias, M. Carida, R. Cancedda, M. E. Gomes, J. F. Mano, and R. L. Reis, Carrageenan-based hydrogels for the controlled delivery of PDGF-BB in bone tissue engineering applications, Biomacromolecules, 10 (2009) 1392-1401. 

Using a similar procedure, a composite material for tissue engineering applications composed of HA and carboxymethylchitosan was obtained by a coprecipitation method. In vitro tests exhibited a great potential of this class of materials for bone tissue-engineering applications.79... 

Porter JR, Henson A, Popat KC (2009) Biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanowires for bone tissue engineering applications. Biomaterials 30(5) 780-788... 

Martins AM, Alves CM, Kasper FK et al (2010) Responsive and in ri/n-forming chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications an overview of the last decade. J Mater Chem 20 1638-1645... 

B. Marine algae-derived biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications... 

Beier, J. R, Kneser, U., Horch, R. E., Detsch, R., Boccaccini, A. R., and Arkudas, A. (2014). In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of alginate dialdehyde/gelatin hydrogels with and without nanoscaled bioactive glass for bone tissue engineering applications, 7,1957-1974. 

H., Nair, S. V. (2009). Novel chitin/nanosilica composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications, /nfc io JWocramo/., 45, 289-292. 

Polyanhydrides have been developed into various systems with mainly bone tissue engineering applications in mind. These polymers have mechanical strength much lower than that of bone but have been combined with other polymers, such as poly(imide)s, to resolve this problem. Polyanhydrides have been developed into photo-cross-linkable systems, based on dimethacrylated anhydrides, and also injectable systems, but little interest into these polymers with regard to tissue engineering has been taken in the recent past [82]. 

Alternative methods to functionalize RADA16 SAPs for bone tissue engineering applications, like culturing with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) [67], have been explored by other groups. For example, Ueda et al. investigated the effect of... 

Q. Fu, M. N. Rahaman, B. S. Bal, L. F. Bonewald, K. Kuroki, and R. F. Brown, Silicate, Borosilicate, and Borate Bioactive Glass Scaffolds with Controllable Degradation Rate for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. II. In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Evaluation, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, 95, 172-9 (2010). 

In the past decade, there are a number of promising self-assembled nanostructures with attractive properties and great potential for bone tissue engineering applications. These nanostructures of interest are in the forms of hydrogels or scaffolds consisting of nanotubular or nanofibrous materials fabricated by the aforementioned methods. Here, some typical self-assembled nanostractures for bone tissue engineering are inhoduced. 

Gupta, S.K., Dinda, A.K., Potdar, P.D., Mishra, N.C., 2013. Modification of decellularized goat-lung scaffold with chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite composite for bone tissue engineering applications. Biomed. Res. Int. 2013 651945. 

Nguyen, T.B.L. and Lee, B.T. (2012) Electrospinning of polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin nanofiber composites and cross-linking for bone tissue engineering application. 

Seyednejad, H., Gawlitta, D., Dhert, W.J.A., Van Nostrum, C.F., Vermonden, T., Hennink, W.E., 2011. Preparation and characterization of a three-dimensional printed scaffold based on a functionalized polyester for bone tissue engineering applications. Acta... 

Multiwalled CNTs were also used to improve the mechanical properties of polylactide-caprolactone copolymer. The composite with only 2 wt% of MWCNTs showed 100% improvement in the elastic modulus and a 160% enhancement in tensile strength [64]. Others showed significant reinforcement in bofli compressive modulus (74%) and flexural modulus (69%) with only 0.05 wt% of single-walled CNTs [65]. These results demonstrate favorable cytocompatibility for potential use as scafrbld for bone tissue engineering applications. 

Rocha de Oliveira AA, de Carvalho SM, Leite MDF, Oreflce RL, Pereira MDM. Development of biodegradable polyurethane and bioactive glass nanoparticles scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res Part B Appl Biomater July 2012 100B(5) 1387-96. 

Sunflower oil-based, hyperbranched polyurethane nanocomposites with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been shown to increase tensile strength nearly twofold and toughness by about 50%. Early in vitro studies highlight the potential for these composites to improve osteolytic activity to accelerate bone growth in bone tissue engineering applications [79]. 

It has been reported that chitin-chitosan/nano Ti02-composite scaffolds has wide applications in tissue engineering field [85]. Current research has developed a novel immunoassay strategy based on combination of chitosan and a gold nanoparticle label [86] which explored the unanimous role of chitosan in biochemical research. Further bioinspired mineralization of chitosan-based nanocomplexes encouraged its role in bone tissue engineering applications [87]. Fabrication of chitosan/ZnO... 

Sezer UA, Arslantunah D, Aksoy EA, Hasirci V, Hasirci N. Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) composite scaffolds loaded with gentamicin-containing beta-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin microspheres for bone tissue engineering applications. J Appl Pol3mi Sci 2014 131(8). 

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