Beta-tricalcium phosphate

A.A. Mirtchi, J. Lemaitre, E. Munting, Calcium phosphate cements Effect of fluorides on the setting and hardening of beta-tricalcium phosphate-dicalcium phosphate-calcite cements. Biomaterials 12 (1991) 505-510. 

Akao M, Mima N, Aoki H (1984) Fracture toughness of sintered hydroxylapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate. Yogyo-Kyokai-Shi 92 672-4... 

In calcium-dominated wetlands, high concentrations of Ca can result in formation of complex calcium phosphate compounds of varying solubilities such as calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, octacalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite. Under these conditions, the phosphorus concentration in the soil pore water of calcareous soils is a function of Ca + activity. Solubility of these compounds decreases with an increase in Ca content. Insoluble beta-tricalcium phosphate is more likely to be found at a high pH. Thermodynamically, apatite is the most stable compound in soils. At relatively high phosphate concentrations, dicalcium phosphate or octacalcium phosphate may form and slowly transform to the more stable phase hydroxyapatite. These precipitation reactions can occur on the surfaces of calcite. The amount of exposed surface will determine the amount of phosphorus precipitated. In a Ca-saturated clay, calcium... 

Thoma, K. Alex, R. Randzio, J. Biodegradable gentamicin-depot implants made of beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics.3. In vivo studies on drug release, tissue tolerance, and biodegradation. Pharmazxe 1991,46 (4), 266-270. 

Byeon, Y.E., R3fu, H.H., Park, S.S., Koyama, Y., Kikuchi, M., et al., 2010. Paracrine effect of canine allogenic umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells mixed with beta-tricalcium phosphate on bone regeneration in ectopic implantations. C3hotherapy 12, 626—636. Available from http //dx.doi.org/10.3109/14653249.2010.481665. 

Chazono M, Tanaka T, Komaki H, Fujii K. Bone formation and bioresorption after implantation of injectable beta-tricalcium phosphate granules-hyaluronate complex in rabbit bone defects. J Biomed Mater Res. 2004 Sep 15 70A(4) 542-9. 

Ohura K, Bohner M, Hardouin P, Lemaitre J, Pasquier G, Flautre B. Resorption of, and bone formation from, new beta-tricalcium phosphate-monocalcium phosphate cements an in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res. 1996 Feb 30(2) 193-200. 

Cai, Z. Y., Yang, D. A., Zhang, N., Ji, C. G., Zhu, L. Zhang, T. (2009) Poly(propylene fumarate)/(calcium sulphate/beta-tricalcium phosphate) composites preparation, characterization and in vitro degradation. Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 628-635. 

Peter, S. J., Nolley, J. A., Widmer, M. S., Merwin, J. E., Yaszemski, M. J., Yasko, A. W., Engel, P. S. Mikos, A. G. (1997) In vitro degradation of a poly(propylene fumarate)/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite orthopaedic scaffold. Tissue Engineering, 3, 207-215. 

Huan, Z. Chang, J. (2009) Novel bioactive composite bone cements based on the beta-tricalcium phosphate-monocalcium phosphate monohydrate composite cement system. Acta Biomater, 5, 1253-64. 

Matsuno, T., Hashimoto, Y., Adachi, S., Omata, K., Yoshitaka, Y., Ozeki, Y., Umezu, Y., Tabata, Y., Nakamura, M. Satoh, T. (2008) Preparation of injectable 3D-formed beta-tricalcium phosphate bead/alginate composite for bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater J, 27, 827-34. 

Tazaki J, Murata M, Akazawa T, Yamamoto M, Ito K, Aiisue M, et al. BMP-2 release and dose-response studies in hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate. Biomed Mater Eng 2009 19 141-6. 

Yin, Y., Ye, F., Cui, J., Zhang, F., Li, X., Yao, K. 2003. Preparation and characterization of macroporous chi-tosan-gelatin/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Journal of... 

Chitosan scaffolds were reinforced with beta-tricalcium phosphate and calcium phosphate invert glass [177]. Along the same line, composites of Loligo beta-chitin with octacalcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite were prepared by precipitation of the mineral into a chitin scaffold by means of a double diffusion system. The octacalcimn phosphate crystals with the usual form of 001 blades grew inside chitin layers preferentially oriented with the 100 faces parallel to the smface of the squid pen and were more stable to hy-... 

In recent years, biocomposite materials are also being developed (Fig. 23.2b-c). These materials are composed of a combination of the previously listed polymers and osteoconductive materials, such as beta-tricalcium phosphate ( -TCP) or hydroxyapatite (HA). In particular, -TCP that can be used as synthetic implant material has appropriate ultrastructural properties for cell adhesion [30]. 

Erisken, C., Kalyon, D.M., Wang, H., 2008. Functionally graded electrospun polycaprolactone and beta-tricalcium phosphate nanocomposites for tissue engineering applications. Biomaterials 29, 4065—4073. 

Wolfe, M.S., Dean, D., Chen, J.E., Fisher, J.P., Han, S.H., Rimnac, C.M., et al., 2002. In vitro degradation and fracture toughness of multilayered porous poly(propylene fumarate)/ beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 61 (1), 159-164. 

Beta-tricalcium phosphate ( 3-TCP) is a highly porous ceramic with chemical and physical structures that mimic bone [66,67]. While it is osteoconductive and porous, the compressive mechanical properties of p-TCP are considerably lower than those of HA [66-69] and it degrades more rapidly than HA [70]. p-TCP has been incorporated in both injectable and implantable polyurethane composites to capitalize on its osteoconductive properties and overcome weaker mechanical strength [39]. Addition of as little as 10wt% p-TCP increased the modulus and strength of the composites, and the composites approach the strength of cancellous bone with incorporation of 70wt%... 

Peter SJ, Miller ST, Zhu G, Yasko AW, Mikos AG. In vivo degradation of a poly(-propylene fumarate)/beta-tricalcium phosphate injectable composite scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res 1998 41 1-7. 

Sezer UA, Arslantunah D, Aksoy EA, Hasirci V, Hasirci N. Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) composite scaffolds loaded with gentamicin-containing beta-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin microspheres for bone tissue engineering applications. J Appl Pol3mi Sci 2014 131(8). 

T. Fang, J. Wen, J. Zhou, Z. Shao, and J. Dong, Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) coating delays vancomycin delivery from porous chitosan/beta-tricalcium phosphate composites, /. Biomed. Mater. Res. BAppl. Biomater., 100 (7), 1803-1811,2012. 

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