Bomb, iron

The heat peUet used for activation in these batteries is usually a mixture of a reactive metal such as iron or zirconium [7440-67-7] and an oxidant such as potassium perchlorate [7778-74-7]. An electrical or mechanical signal ignites a primer which then ignites the heat peUet which melts the electrolyte. Sufficient heat is given off by the high current to sustain the necessary temperature during the lifetime of the appHcation. Many millions of these batteries have been manufactured for military ordnance as they have been employed in rockets, bombs, missiles, etc. 

Metal Incendiaries. Metal incendiaries include those of magnesium in various forms, and powdered or granular aluminum mixed with powdered iron(III) oxide. Magnesium is a soft metal which, when raised to its ignition temperature, bums vigorously in air. It is used in either soHd or powdered form as an incendiary filling, and in alloyed form as the casing for small incendiary bombs. 

In the calcium refining process, the chromium reacts with calcium vapor at about 1000°C ia a titanium-lined bomb, which is first evacuated and then heated to the proper temperature. A pressure of about 2.7 Pa (20 p.m Hg) is maintained during heating until the calcium vapor reaches the cold end of the bomb and condenses. This allows the calcium vapor to pass up through the chromium metal where it reacts with the oxygen. Metal obtained by this process contains 0.027 wt % oxygen, 0.0018 wt % nitrogen, 0.008 wt % carbon, 0.012 wt % sulfur, and 0.015 wt % iron. 

Brand-, burn(ing). Are, incendiary, -balsam, tn. ointment for bums, -bombe, /. incendiary bomb, -eisen, n. burnt iron, -erz, n. inflammable ore (as bituminous shale, or as idrialite). 

Phosphor-athcr, m. phosphoric ether (ester of phosphoric acid, specif, ethyl phosphate), -basis, phosphorus base, -bestimmung, /. determination of phosphorus, -blei, n. lead phosphide Min.) pyromorphite. -bombe, f. phosphorus bomb. -brandgranate, /. phosphorus incendiary shell, -brei, m. phosphorus paste, -bromid, n. phosphorus bromide, specif, phosphorus pentabromide, phos-phorus(V) bromide, -bromijr, n. phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus(III) bromide, -bronze, /. phosphor bronze, -calcium, n. calcium phosphide, -chlorid, n. phosphorus chloride, specif, phosphorus pcntachloride, phosphorus(V) chloride, -chloriir, n. phosphorous chloride (phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus(III) chloride), -dampf, tn. phosphorus vapor or fume, -eisen, n. ferrophos-phorus iron phosphide, -eisensinter, m. diadochite. 

Stahl-blech, n. steel plate, sheet steel, -block, m. (Metal.) steel ingot, -bombe, /, steel cylinder steel bomb, steel shell, -brunnen, m. chalybeate spring, -draht, m. steel wire, -eisen, n, steely iron, steel pig, stShlen, v.t. steel, harden convert into steel. stShlern, a. of steel, steel. 

Sturz, m. plunge, drop, fall, overthrow rush, dash failure (in business) waterfall (/ron) slab, plate, -acker, m. new-plowed land, -bomben, n. dive bombing, -blech, n. thin plate iron, (black) sheet iron. 

The compounds KAu and RbAuj have been prepared by melting the pure metals in an alumina container sealed in an iron bomb. ... 

An appreciable amount of a slimy solid collects on the walls of the bomb. It appears to consist of ammonium bromide together with a small amount of iron salts dissolved from the walls of the bomb by the action of the ammonia. The amount of product recovered by careful working of this material is less than 2 g. 

Heating the Tube.—Place the iron case with its tube in a bomb or tube furnace in such a way that the end with the capillary is raised somewhat and directed towards the wall on which a shield is fixed and close the furnace. Several tubes may be heated simultaneously. Light all the burners and heat gradually to the desired temperature, regulating the gas supply at the main tap. For aliphatic halogen compounds (and many sulphur compounds) this temperature is about 250°, for the aromatic compounds (and sul-phonic acids) it is about 300°. Most substances are completely oxidised after three to four hours, but in the case of aromatic compounds the heating is continued for some hours longer. 

The bomb method for sulfur determination (ASTM D129) uses sample combustion in oxygen and conversion of the sulfur to barium sulfate, which is determined by mass. This method is suitable for samples containing 0.1 to 5.0% w/w sulfur and can be used for most low-volatility petroleum products. Elements that produce residues insoluble in hydrochloric acid interfere with this method this includes aluminum, calcium, iron, lead, and silicon, plus minerals such as asbestos, mica, and silica, and an alternative method (ASTM D1552) is preferred. This method describes three procedures the sample is first pyrolyzed in either an induction furnace or a resistance furnace the sulfur is then converted to sulfur dioxide, and the sulfur dioxide is either titrated with potassium iodate-starch reagent or is analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. This method is generally suitable for samples containing from 0.06 to 8.0% w/w sulfur that distill at temperatures above 177°C (351°F). 

Insert inside the sample a piece of thin iron wire (fuse) and connect its ends with two electric terminals found in the head of the bomb... 

During the siege of Chin Chou, Kin arranged 13 sets of ballistas to shoot iron bombs into the castle. The iron bomb (Tie huo pao), was cast, hollow ball, 6cm in diam, filled with Gunpowder and equipped with a fuse cut to... 

When Mongolian general Touloui captured Hochung Fu, the Chinese garrison escaped by crossing the channel on old ships then they destroyed the ships by iron bombs (Chen tien lei) (Ref 66, p 16)... 

When Chinese troops under Yuang landed at the Hakata Bay (Japan) they shot iron bombs (Tie pao), which surprised and defeated Japanese troops. They called the bombs teppo (Ref 66, p 20)... 

Romans used the so-called firepot," which was a kind of iron fire bomb (as large as 2 ft in diameter) filled with pitch, sulfur, bitumen, etc and either perforated or latticed so as to permit emission of flames from burning charges. One such bomb may be seen on exhibition in the Tower of London... 

Illuminating Flare Bomb was of thin iron, conical in shape with a hemispherical nose welded at the bottom. Length 22% inches, diam at top 6% inches. Its filler was ignited by a pull igniter, resulting in a brilliant greenish-yellow light (p 241, Fig 394 of Ref 1) ... 

Hand Grenade and 12 blocks l A" by %" of 66.6/33.3—RDX/A1 compn, each wrapped in waxed paper. It could be used as an A/Tk Mine when fuzed with an armed grenade or as an A/P Mine or Booby Trap when armed with pull or tension detonator (p 219, Fig 165) Air-Strip Land Mine consisted of 31 100-kg bombs stacked around PA blocks in which electrical detonators were inserted. The ensemble was under a turf-covered piece of sheet iron that would close the circle and fire the charge if the iron were lifted or depressed. A clockwork was also inserted to fire the chge if the iron were not depressed (p 220, Fig 166, upper half)... 

Rocket Launcher and Rocket Motor Model 10 (p 172) was designed to propel the 60-kg aircraft bomb out of an inclined trough. The launcher was constructed of wood and metal with legs made of iron pikes. The launcher channel was a right angle wooden trough, ca 20 ft long with a motor and bomb positioner... 

Shotoyaku (Amatol). A mixture of AN 50 TNT 50% of brown color, d (cast) 1.59, mp 81°+, Brisance by Plate Dent Test 52% TNT Expin Temp 265° (dec in 5 secs) Impact Sensitivity BurMinesApp 2-kg Wt 95cm Power by Ballistic Mortar 124% TNT Rate of Detonation 6430m/sec (Ref 8, p 16). Was used in same1 Bombs and in Semisteel (high C cast iron) Shells. Was reported to be found in some Navy Mines (Ref 1, p 27 Ref 5, p 372)... 

French Compound. A substance of unknown composition obtained when dilute nitric acid reacts with a mixture of TNT and lead (or iron). French Compound easily ignites when brought into contact with nitric acid vapor at 100°, Either fragmentation or HE bombs can be loaded with this material and the method of loading is either lump or by compression of powdery. material. This material was used by Russions... 

Equipment. At the time of publication of Ref 1 (1931), there were two Bichel Closed Bombs at BurMines, each of them made of strong cast steel. The No 1 apparatus had an interior capacity of 15 liters,. while the No 2 was of 20 liters. Their walls were 12.5cm thick. The heads of their cylinders were provided with lead gaskets, which were secured in pLace by 12 heavy stud bolts and aa iron yoke. For exhausting the air there was a tube inserted in a hole bored in an upper segment of each cylinder (See Fig on p C332-L of Vol 3 of Encycl), near one end. Exhaust tuhe of each cylinder was connected with a rotary, vacuum-air pump, driven by a 2-HP motor and provided with a valve which excluded the outside air after the desired vacuum was reached (usually 50li5ram of Hg). 

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