Tetrazolium blue

Blue Tetrazolium [1871-22-3] M 727.7, m 254-255 (dec). Crystd from 95% EtOH/anhydrous diethyl ether, to constant absorbance at 254nm. 

Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2//-tetrazolium bromide) [298-93-1, 2348-71-2] M 414.3, m 171°. It is recrystd by dissolving in MeOH containing a few drops of HBr and then adding dry Et20 to complete the crystn, wash the needles with Et20 and dry in a vacuum desiccator over KOH. [Beyer and Pyl Chem Ber 87 1505 7954.]... 

Dissolve 0.5 g blue tetrazolium (3,3 -(3,3 -dimethoxy-4,4 -biphenylylene)-bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium)-chloride) in 100 ml methanol. 

Blue tetrazolium Sodium hydroxide pellets Methanol... 

Blue tetrazolium is transformed into the colored or fluorescent formazan by reducing compounds. 

Fig. 1 Separation of the corticosteroids. (A) Detection in UV light (A = 254 nm, (B) staining with blue tetrazolium. Tetrahydrocortisol (1), tetrahydrocortisone (2), prednisolone (3), hydrocortisone (4), prednisone (5), cortisone (6), corticosterone (7), cortexolone (8), 11-dehydrocorticosterone (9), 11-desoxycorticosterone (10), mixture (Mi),...

Paper chromatography (benzene-chloroform 1 1—formamide system) of representative chromatogram fractions indicates the presence of a small quantity of a more polar ultraviolet absorbing component that gives a negative blue tetrazolium test and a very polar component (no ultraviolet negative tetrazolium test). These materials have not been characterized. 

Often these methods are not sensitive enough for quantitation of different CK isoenzymes. Konttinen and Somer (45) used electrophoresis on agarose to obtain sharper bands and increased sensitivity. Staining with nitro-blue tetrazolium was found to... 

NAP-I, NAP-2 Neutrophilactivating peptides -1 and -2 NBT Nitro-blue tetrazolium NCI Non-collagen 1 N-CAM Neural cell adhesion molecule... 

Buffer and chemicals pH 7.8 phosphate buffer (16.29g Na2HP04-2H20, 1.17g NaH2P04H20, 1000 ml distilled water), Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA), Methionine (Met), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Triton X-100, Phenylmethylsulphonylfluoride (PMSF), Riboflavin, Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT). 

Urbanyi and O Connell (62,63) developed an automated colorimetric method using blue tetrazolium for the analysis of hydralazine in the presence of reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide. 

The on-bead assay was conducted according to Scheme 3.19, which shows the chain of events, which leads to a colorimetric response, when an oligosaccharide binds effectively to the B. purpurea lectin. The lectin was covalently linked to biotin, a small molecule with an extremely high affinity for streptavidin. The bead-lectin-biotin conjugates were then exposed to streptavidin, linked to the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase hydrolyses phosphate esters [e.g., 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP), 110]. When the 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole (111) is released, in the presence of nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), it forms a dark purple, insoluble dye, thus staining beads where there was a favorable binding interaction. 

Borregaard, N., Cross, A. R., Herlin, T., Jones, O. T. G., Segal, A. W., Valerius, N. H. (1983). A variant form of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease with normal nitro-blue tetrazolium slide test and cytochrome b. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 13,243-7. 

Bromochloroindolyl Phosphate-Nitro blue Tetrazolium (BCIP/NBT) EDTA Purple Black/NA... 

List of Abbreviations BCIP, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate, toluidine salt CCD, charged-coupled device CNS, central nervous system cDNA, copy or complimentary RNA cRNA, copy or complimentary RNA DNase, deoxyribonuclease FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate mRNA, messenger RNA NBT, nitro blue tetrazolium choride PCR, polymerase chain reaction RNase, ribonclease... 

Alkaline phosphatase acts on many substrates as well, each precipitating as a different color. For example, a combination of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP) and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) results in a permanent blue precipitate at the site of alkaline phosphatase localization. There are other compounds that can also be tried, such as Fast Red TR/Naphthol AS-MX (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), which precipitates as a red color. 

Prepare substtate solution 10.0 mL buffer 2, 27.7 pL Nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT), 22.5 pL BCIP, 6.0 drops Levamisole (1 mM). 

In the presence of the C-20-ketogroup at the side chain, tetrazolium salts are reduced to the corresponding strongly colored formazans. Mader and Buck were the first to apply tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride to assay pharmaceutical steroids [83], but it was later found that air affects the procedure leading to poor reproducibility [84,85]. More stable reagents such as 2-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyltetrazolium bromide [86] and 2,5-diphenyl-3-(p-strylphenyl)tetrazolium chloride [87] were employed successfully. Good results were also obtained with blue tetrazolium, or 3,3 -(3,3 -dimethoxy-4,4 -biphenylene) bis 2,5-diphenyl-... 

H-tetrazolium chloride [88], The blue tetrazolium method is now widely used and has been adopted by the USP [89],... 

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