Blowers high pressure

High temperature flames with reduced primary air using high velocities at the burner tip (by blowers/high pressure fans utilization)... 

The steam balance in the plant shown in Figure 2 enables all pumps and blowers to be turbine-driven by high pressure steam from the boiler. The low pressure exhaust system is used in the reboiler of the recovery system and the condensate returns to the boiler. Although there is generally some excess power capacity in the high pressure steam for driving other equipment, eg, compressors in the carbon dioxide Hquefaction plant, all the steam produced by the boiler is condensed in the recovery system. This provides a weU-balanced plant ia which few external utiUties are required and combustion conditions can be controlled to maintain efficient operation. 

Centrifugal blowers or turbines usually cannot generate enough pressure difference to overcome the added resistance of the recycle pipes. In addition, some components may condense out in the cooler, especially with high-boiling materials or at high pressures. These must be recycled by a liquid pump through an evaporator. This in turn makes them approach a steady-state slowly. ... 

The most reliable recycle reactors are those with a centrifugal pump, a fixed bed of catalyst, and a well-defined and forced flow path through the catalyst bed. Some of those shown on the two bottom rows in Jankowski s papers are of this type. From these, large diameter and/or high speed blowers are needed to generate high pressure increase and only small gaps can be tolerated between catalyst basket and blower, to minimize internal back flow. 

High-pressure steam from steam soot blowers can easily cut through tubes, so correct alignment of soot blowing equipment is critical. 

A stripper operating at a high pressure drop will require a smaller volume than a similar stripper at a lower pressure drop. This reduces the capital cost for the tower, but increases the blower cost. Towers designed and built to operate at a low pressure drop have the flexibility to increase the gas flow rate and hence the air/water ratio, should the future influent concentration increase or the effluent limitation decrease. Towers designed for high pressure drops do not have this flexibility in operation and would need to decrease the liquid loading to increase the air/water ratio. 

A compressor may be thought of as a high pressure pump for a compressible fluid. By high pressure is meant conditions under which the compressible properties of the fluid (gas) must be considered, which normally occur when the pressure changes by as much as 30% or more. For low pressures (i.e., smaller pressure changes), a fan or blower may be an appropriate pump ... 

A potential drawback of this technology is the potential formation of ammonium sulfate salts and their resulting fouling. This can be mitigated through either use of high pressure soot blowers or on-line water washing in the economizer. These salts will exist as small particulates that will increase opacity. 

Devices for compressing gases are used extensively in the chemical industry (see "High Pressure Techniques"), eg, in the manufacture of nitric acid by the ammonia oxidation process Compressors for transferring gases and vapors may be divided into vacuum pumps or exhausters (when the gas is below atmospheric pressure) and into fans, blowers, boosters and ax . I compressors (when the gases are above atmospheric pressure)... 

Figure 36 represents a cross-section of the Sturtevant high-pressure blower, which is built in capacities ranging from 5 to... 

Excessive us of high-pressure steam soot blowers is a common source of tube erosion-corrosion. Other boiler cleaning methods less threating to boiler tubes are available such as mechanical rapping, shot cleaning, and compressed air soot blowing. 

In Fig. 4.3 two schemes of the air supply sub-system are reported, related to both low and high pressure fuel cell plants. As the air supply sub-system implies the highest power consumption among all BOP components, and could heavily affect the overall system efficiency (see Sect. 4.6), the utilization of blowers (Fig. 4.3a) would permit to limit power losses, even if their impact on the overall efficiency would not be negligible. In fact, blowers not only requiie a not negligible electiic power consumption especially at minimum load, but they can provide low air pressure values, then limiting cell voltages and thus stack efficiency (see Sect. 3.3). In any case the low cost and simplicity make this solution more appropriate for small size power trains (1-10 kW). 

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