Bismuth chloride-zinc iodide

The redistribution reaction in lead compounds is straightforward and there are no appreciable side reactions. It is normally carried out commercially in the liquid phase at substantially room temperature. However, a catalyst is required to effect the reaction with lead compounds. A number of catalysts have been patented, but the exact procedure as practiced commercially has never been revealed. Among the effective catalysts are activated alumina and other activated metal oxides, triethyllead chloride, triethyllead iodide, phosphorus trichloride, arsenic trichloride, bismuth trichloride, iron(III)chloride, zirconium(IV)-chloride, tin(IV)chloride, zinc chloride, zinc fluoride, mercury(II)chloride, boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide, dimethyl-aluminum chloride, and platinum(IV)chloride 43,70-72,79,80,97,117, 131,31s) A separate catalyst compound is not required for the exchange between R.jPb and R3PbX compounds however, this type of uncatalyzed exchange is rather slow. Again, the products are practically a random mixture. 

The phosphonium iodides form addition products with the iodides of mercury, bismuth and thallium, and also vdth bismuth chloride. Perhalides, R PI.Xg, are formed when halogens react with the iodides, these products, like the original iodides, having well-defined crystalline forms moist silver oxide removes the iodine, gnung the corresponding hydroxides. Like the arsonium chlorides the tetra-alkylphosphonium chlorides tend to be deliquescent, but they yield crystalline double salts vdth the chlorides of gold, mercury, platinum, bismuth and zinc. When two molecular equivalents of triethylphosphine react with one molecular equivalent of methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride or ethylene dibromide, phosphonium compounds result in which two atoms of phosphorus are present. 

Aluminum hydroxide Barium carbonate Barium fluoride Barium sulfate Bismuth sulfide Cadmium sulfide Calcium carbonate Calcium fluoride Calcium hydroxide Calcium phosphate Chromium(III) hydroxide Cobah(U) sulfide Copper(I) bromide Copper(I) iodide CopperfU) hydroxide Copper(II) sulfide Iron(II) hydroxide Iron(III) hydroxide Iron(II) sulfide Lead(II) carbonate Lead(II) chloride Leadfll) chromate Lead(II) fluoride Lead(II) iodide Lead (II) sulfide Magnesium carbonate Magnesium hydroxide Manganese(II) sulfide Mercury(l) chloride Mercury(U) sulfide Nickel(II) sulfide Silver bromide Silver carbonate Silver chloride Silver iodide Silver sulfide Strontium carbonate Strontium sulfate Tin(II) sulfide Zinc hydroxide Zinc sulfide... 

Rubidium metal alloys with the other alkali metals, the alkaline-earth metals, antimony, bismuth, gold, and mercury. Rubidium forms double halide salts with antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, thorium, and zinc. These complexes are generally water insoluble and not hygroscopic. The soluble rubidium compounds are acetate, bromide, carbonate, chloride, chromate, fluoride, formate, hydroxide, iodide,... 

Metal Halides. Reacts explosively or violently with the following calcium bromide iron(III) bromide or chloride iron(II) bromide or iodide cobalt(II) chloride silver fluoride all four mercury(II) halides copper(I) chloride, bromide or iodide copper(II) chloride and bromide ammonium tetrachlorocuprate zinc and cadmium chlorides, bromides, and iodides aluminum fluoride, chloride, and bromide thallium bromide tin(II) or (IV) chloride tin(IV) iodide arsenic trichloride and triiodide antimony and bismuth trichlorides, tribromides, and triiodides vanadium(V) chloride chromium(IV) chloride manganese(II) and iron(II) chlorides and nickel chloride, bromide, and iodide.17,22"25... 

Triethylbismuthine, ( 2115)361, has been obtained by the action of ethyl iodide on potassium-bismuth alloy, and from bismuth bromide and zinc diethyl. It is a fuming oil, distilling unchanged at 107° C. at 79 mm., and exploding when heated in air at ordinary pressures. Its density is 1 82. Its solubihty and behaviour towards halogens is similar to that of the methyl compound. Evaporation of its ether solution in the presence of air leads to the formation of bismuth hydroxide, and if the solution be saturated with hydrogen sulphide, bismuth sulphide separates. If to a warm dilute alcoholic solution of triethylbismuthine a sinular solution of mercuric chloride is added, a precipitate of mercurous chloride is thrown down but if the order of addition is reversed, ethylmercuric chloride and ethyldichlorobismuthine are produced ... 

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