Bioseparation systems

Fig. 1.1 Elution systems supplied by LKB, Sweden (a) isocratic bioseparation system (b) basic system ...

Process control structures include three major operations—measurement of a process variable, calculation of the required adjustment, and manipulation of the process to implement the correction. The measurement step may be the most routine, since almost all bioseparation systems, regardless of scale, function, or constraints are usually equipped with instruments for monitoring the process. Monitoring instrumentation is generally well understood and is documented in discussions of particular bioseparation processes and implementations. 

The ability to control the interaction between a wide diversity of biomolecules with surfaces can be also exploited as an effective way to develop reagentless, sensitive, reusable, and real-time biosensors [51-56]. Such sophisticated biosensors are expected to impact a wide range of applications, from clinical diagnosis[57] and environmental monitoring [58] to forensic analysis [59]. Another significant potential application of dynamic surfaces is in bioseparation of proteins and other biomolecules for basic life science research, as well as industrial applications [60-63]. With the rapid development of recombinant proteins in the treatment of various human diseases, the dynamic surface-based bioseparation systems could meet the demand for more reliable and efficient protein purification methods [64]. Stimuli-responsive surfaces are also expected to play a crucial role in the search for more controllable and precise drug delivery systems [65]. 

Tissue paper products, 13 129-130 Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) bioseparation from mammalian cell culture, 3 821-826 peptide map, 3 841, 842 selling price, 3 817t Tissue reactions, to sutures, 24 218 Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and hemostatic system, 4 89 human, use as thrombolytic agent,... 

At present, the purification by chromatographic processes is the most powerful high-resolution bioseparation technique for many different products from the laboratory to the industrial scale. In this context, continuous simulated moving bed (SMB) systems are of increasing interest for the purification of pharmaceuticals or specialty chemicals (racemic mixtures, proteins, organic acids, etc.).This is particularly due to the typical advantages of SMB-systems, such as reduction of solvent consumption, increase in productivity and purity obtained as well as in investment costs in comparison to conventional batch elution chromatography [1]. 

The same advantages are exhibited by LC in comparison with techniques such as fractional crystallisation, liquid extraction, ultrafiltration and adsorption. It has already been pointed out (Section 19.6) that LC now plays a major part in bioseparations, where the technique needs to be integrated into the process train as part of a systems approach. 

Muller, W. (1990). Liquid-liquid partition chromatography of biopolymers in aqueous two-phase systems. Bioseparation, 1(3—4), 265-282. 

N. L. Abbott, D. Blankschtein, and T. A. Hatton, On protein partitioning in two-phase aqueous polymer systems, Bioseparation 1990, 1, 191-225. 

F. Tjerneld and G. Johansson, Aqueous two-phase systems for biotechnical use, Bioseparation 1990, 1, 255-263. 

Mattiasson B, Ling TGI (1987) Extraction in aqueous two-phase systems for biotechnology. In Verrall MS, Hudson MJ (eds) Bioseparation for biotechnology. Ellis Horwood, Chichester, p 270... 

Chapter 16 provides guidance relating to the choice of industrial bioseparation equipment that is available and the issues that must be taken into account when selecting a suitable system to meet both technical and economic objectives. 

Garg, N., Galaev, I. Yu., and Mattiasson, B. (1996). Polymer-shielded dye-ligand chromatography of lactate dehydrogenase from porcine muscle in an expanded bed system. Bioseparation 6, 193-199. 

Nandakumar, M. P., and Mattiasson, B. (1999). Binding assays in heterogeneous media using a flow injection system with an expanded micro-bed adsorption column. Bioseparation 8, 237-245. 

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