Biomedical materials adsorption

Tang L, Wu Y, Timmons RB. Fibrinogen adsorption and host tissue responses to plasma functionalized surfaces. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 1998, 42, 156-163. 

Cao L, Sukavaneshvar S, Ratner BD, Horbett TA. Glow discharge plasma treatment of polyethylene tubing with tetraglyme results in ultralow fibrinogen adsorption and greatly reduced platelet adhesion. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research A 2006,79,788-803. 

Chitin is known to be biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic. It is used in dmg delivery and bio medical applications. It also used in the purification of water especially for the absorption of toxic dyes. Chitin has limited solubility in solvents but chitosan is readily soluble in acidic aqueous solutions and has more tendency to be chemically modified. Chitosan can readily be spun into fibers, cast into films, or precipitated in a variety of micromorphologies from acidic solutions. Min and Kim have reported on the adsorption of acid dyes from wastewater using composites of PAN/chitosan [52]. Shin et al. has reported on copolymers composed of PVA and poly dimethyl siloxanes cross-linked with chitosan to prepare semi IPN hydrogels for application as biomedical materials... 

Pitt, W.G. and S.L. Cooper, Albumin adsorption on alkyl chain derivatized polyurethanes I. The effect of C-18 alkylation. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1988, 22, 359-382. 

Seifert, L.M. and R.T. Greer, Evaluation of in vivo adsorption of blood elements onto hydrogel-coated silicone rubber by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1985, 19, 1043-1071. 

R591 D. Xu, N. Zhou and J. Shen, Spectrum Analysis Methods of Protein Adsorption and Design of Biomedical Materials , Guangpuxue Yu Guangpu Fenxi, 2010, 30, 3281. 

Gombotz, W.R., Guanghui, W., Horbett, T.A., Hoffman, A.S., 1991. Protein adsorption to poly(ethylene oxide) surfaces. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 25 (12), 1547-1562. 

Serro AP. Gispert MP. Martins MCL. Brogueira P. Colaco R. Saramago B. Adsorption of albumin on prosthetic materials implication for tribological behavior. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2006 78(3) 581-9. 

Takami Y. Yamane S. Makinouchi K. Otsuka G. Glueck J. Benkowski R. et al. Protein adsorption onto ceramic surfaces. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 1998 40(l) 24-30. 

Woo, K.M., Chen, V.J., Ma, P.X., 2003. Nano-fibrous scaffolding architecture selectively enhances protein adsorption contributing to cell attachment. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 67, 531-537. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1002/jbm.a.10098. 

Engberg AE, Rosengren-Holmbeig JP, Chen H, Nilsson B, Lamhris JD, Nicholls lA, et al. Blood protein-polymer adsorption imphcations for understanding complement-mediated hemoincompatibility. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2011 97A(l) 74-84. 

Ishihara, K., Nomura, H., Mihara, T., Kurita, K., Iwasaki, Y, Nakabayashi, N. (1998). Why do phospholipid polymers reduce protein adsorption Journal of Biomedical Materials... 

Fabrication processing of these materials is highly complex, particularly for materials created to have interfaces in morphology or a microstructure [4—5], for example in co-fired multi-layer ceramics. In addition, there is both a scientific and a practical interest in studying the influence of a particular pore microstructure on the motional behavior of fluids imbibed into these materials [6-9]. This is due to the fact that the actual use of functionalized ceramics in industrial and biomedical applications often involves the movement of one or more fluids through the material. Research in this area is therefore bi-directional one must characterize both how the spatial microstructure (e.g., pore size, surface chemistry, surface area, connectivity) of the material evolves during processing, and how this microstructure affects the motional properties (e.g., molecular diffusion, adsorption coefficients, thermodynamic constants) of fluids contained within it. 

Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are attractive biopolymers that can be used for biomedical applications [175,176], nanostructure fabrication [177,178], computing [179,180], and materials for electron-conduction [181,182]. Immobilization of DNA and RNA in well-defined nanostructures would be one of the most unique subjects in current nanotechnology. Unfortunately, a silica surface cannot usually adsorb duplex DNA in aqueous solution due to the electrostatic repulsion between the silica surface and polyanionic DNA. However, Fujiwara et al. recently found that duplex DNA in protonated phosphoric acid form can adsorb on mesoporous silicates, even in low-salt aqueous solution [183]. The DNA adsorption behavior depended much on the pore size of the mesoporous silica. Plausible models of DNA accommodation in mesopore silica channels are depicted in Figure 4.20. Inclusion of duplex DNA in mesoporous silicates with larger pores, around 3.8 nm diameter, would be accompanied by the formation of four water monolayers on the silica surface of the mesoporous inner channel (Figure 4.20A), where sufficient quantities of Si—OH groups remained after solvent extraction of the template (not by calcination). 

Artificial materials designed for the biomedical use should be biocompatible, i.e. free of adverse effects on cells and tissues, such as cytotoxicity, immimogenicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Biocompatible materials can be constructed as bioinert, i.e. not allowing adsorption of proteins and adhesion of... 

Finally, biomedical applications aiming at controlled protein adsorption and cell adhesion on iniferter-driven surface graft architectures, by which a high-throughput screening of biocompatibility can be materialized, are presented. 

The hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of materials are the most fundamental properties to be controlled whenever they are utilized in biomedical devices. In Sect. 2, the author will review the role of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of polymeric materials in protein adsorption processes on their surfaces. It is well-known that protein adsorption is the first event when any of the body fluids encounters artificial materials. 

A common theme throughout this volume involves the adsorption and interfacial, especially biointerfacial, behaviour of all of the above mentioned nanomaterials. For environmental and human protection, the adsorption of heavy metal ions, toxins, pollutants, drugs, chemical warfare agents, narcotics, etc. is often desirable. A healthy mix of experimental and theoretical approaches to address these problems is described in various contributions. In other cases the application of materials, particularly for biomedical applications, requires a surface rendered inactive to adsorption for long term biocompatibility. Adsorption, surface chemistry, and particle size also plays an important role in the toxicological behaviour of nanoparticles, a cause for concern in the application of nanomaterials. Each one of these issues is addressed in one or more contributions in this volume. 

Protein solution depletion via adsorption on finely divided substrates is quantitative, but applicability to low surface area materials of biomedical relevance is often minimal. Adsorption of radiolabeled macromolecules is... 

Protein adsorption at an interface is of importance for many reasons. Foremost amongst these is that the surface properties of the substrate material are inevitably altered as a result of contact with a protein-containing solution. The substrate may be either a solid or liquid. There are many areas in which such phenomena have direct technological applications including emulsion stabilization, hydrophobic chromatography, biomedical devices, enzyme immobilization and immunology. 

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