Biological acids

Amines like ammonia are weak bases They are however the strongest uncharged bases found m significant quantities under physiological conditions Amines are usually the bases involved m biological acid-base reactions they are often the nucleophiles m biological nucleophilic substitutions... 

Biological acids the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (Section 20.3)... 

Biological acid production (bicarbonate leaching) Excess base uptake by roots =1.1 Acid rainfall (rainwater pH = 4.3-4.4) = 0.67 KCl-exchangeable acidity = 100-275 Total titratable acidity = 500-800... 

Paper electrophoresis has been applied widely for separations of amino acids, peptieds, proteins, carbohydrates, purines, biological acids and alkaloids. 

The fatty add sample or biological acid extract is dissolved in DMF-DMA and injected into the gas chromatograph. Alternatively, the syringe is charged with 1 1 of DMF-DMA and ZfA of pyridine containing the adds (up to about 2 g) and again 1 fA of DMF-DMA. The contents are injected directly an inlet temperature of at least 190 °C should be used. 

We may suppose that the photosynthetic organisms learned to recombine products of the photochemical oxidation-reduction reaction in a useful way. The energy released by this recombination was used to bring about the formation of the biological acid anhydrides, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from inorganic phosphate, and organic phosphates such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP). 

Definition.— An amino acid is an organic acid in which one or more residual hydrogen atoms have been replaced by amino groups. Chemically, the majority of biological acids are a-amino acids, the — NHg group being attached to the C atom next the terminal carboxyl group. 

Interactions between proteins and nucleic acids are of central importance in molecular biology. Acid proteins, basic proteins form complexes with single and double stranded polynucleotides, called chromatines, which form the fundamental structure of the chromosomes. A structure conserving and stabilizing function has been attributed to the basic proteins, however, it appears that they are responsible for the more general function of gene repression (49),... 

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