Phenolic acids biological activities

The notion of action by specific allelochemical compounds is also unjustified. Detailed study of some allelochemicals in active species has shown the presence of phenolic acid mixtures and other phenolic derivatives or terpenes. I think that we can never talk about the action of a single substance everywhere many compounds having different biological activity act simultaneously, perhaps mutually increasing their activity. As a rule, such allelochemicals are the intermediate products of soil humus, synthesis, or the ground detritus in aquatic ecosystems (11). High concentrations of these substances are lethal, moderate ones inhibit growth processes, and low concentrations stimulate them. 

Hartley, R. D. and Whitehead, D. C., 1985. Phenolic acids in soils and their influence on plant growth and soil microbial processes. In Vaughan, D. and Malcolm, R. E., (Eds.), Soil Organic Matter and Biological Activity. Martinus Nijhoff. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrech, Netherlands, 109 -149... 

The system discussed in this paper also has biological relevance. Owing to the C(=0)-NH- bonds, the polymer chain of the PNIPA can be considered as a model protein, while phenol is a frequent substituent of amino acids or other biologically active molecules.11... 

The non-flavonoid phenolic constituents in wine are divided into hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids, volatile phenols, stilbenes and miscellaneous compounds (e.g. lignans and coumarins). Although non-colored, the non-flavonoid constituents are known to enhance and stabilize the color of red wines by intra- and intermolecular reactions. They furthermore contribute to wine flavor (volatile phenolic acids) and some of them (e.g. resveratrol) exhibit potent biological activities. 

The oxyamination of ( )-l-deuterio-l-decene was >95% diastereoselective. but not re-gioselective61. Complete regioselectivity was, however, observed on (E)-l-phcnyl-l-propene and 3-aryloxy-l-propene, from which l-(aryloxy)-2-hydroxypropanamides, a class of biologically active substances with -adrenergic receptor blocking effects, were obtained62. Limited reactivity of internal alkenes, especially (Z)-alkenes, was observed. Finally, phenol can be used instead of acetic acid. 

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