Nanoparticles bioimaging

Scheme 13 AIE luminophore 46 for two-photon excitation bioimaging nanoparticles, ref. 87.

Keywords Brain Bioimaging Nanoparticle Microfabrication Brain-blood barrier... 

Nanogels are nanometer-sized hydrogel nanoparticles (less than about 100 nm) with three-dimensional networks of physically crosslinked polymer chains. They have attracted growing interest over the last decade because of their potential for applications in biomedical fields, such as DDS and bioimaging [246-249]. 

Wu J, Ye Z, Wang G, Jin D, Yuan J, Guan Y, Piper J (2009) Visible-light-sensitized highly luminescent europium nanoparticles preparation and application for time-gated luminescence bioimaging. J Mater Chem 19 1258-1264... 

Sreejith, S., X. Ma, and Y. Zhao, Graphene oxide wrapping on squaraine-loadedmesoporous silica nanoparticles for bioimaging. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2012.134(42) p. 17346-17349. 

Santra S, Dutta D, Moudgil BM (2005) Functional dye-doped silica nanoparticles for bioimaging, diagnostics and therapeutics. Food Bioprod Process 83 136-140... 

Santra S, Yang H, Dutta D, Stanley JT, Holloway PH, Tan WH, Moudgil BM, Mer-icle RA (2004) TAT conjugated, FITC doped silica nanoparticles for bioimaging applications. Chem Commun, pp 2810-2811... 

CARS microscopy has emerged as a highly sensitive analytical tool for vibrational bioimaging, predominantly, of lipids in membrane model systems [69, 81-84], live unstained cells [85-95, 43], and both ex vivo and in vivo tissues [26, 96-103, 43]. Examples of CARS imaging applications in the physical and material sciences include the study of fracture dynamics in drying silica nanoparticle suspensions [104], patterned polymeric photoresist film [105], drug molecules in a polymer matrix [106], and liquid crystals [107, 108],... 

CNTs and other nano-sized carbon structures are promising materials for bioapplications, which was predicted even previous to their discovery. These nanoparticles have been applied in bioimaging and drag delivery, as implant materials and scaffolds for tissue growth, to modulate neuronal development and for lipid bilayer membranes. Considerable research has been done in the field of biosensors. Novel optical properties of CNTs have made them potential quantum dot sensors, as well as light emitters. Electrical conductance of CNTs has been exploited for field transistor based biosensors. CNTs and other nano-sized carbon structures are considered third generation amperometric biosensors, where direct electron transfer between the enzyme active center and the transducer takes place. Nanoparticle functionalization is required to achieve their full potential in many fields, including bio-applications. 

Wu, J., Wang, GL., Jin, D.Y., et al. (2008) Luminescent europium nanoparticles with a wide excitation range from UV to visible light for biolabeUng and time-gated luminescence bioimaging. Chemical Communications, 365-367. 

K. Li, B. liu. Polymer encapsulated conjugated polymer nanoparticles for fluorescence bioimaging, J. Mater. Chem. 22 (2012) 1257-1264. 

Sharma, P. Brown, S. Walter, G. Santra, S. Moudgil, B., Nanoparticles for bioimaging. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2006, 123, 471-485. Morawski, A. M. Lanza, G. A. Wickline, S. A., Targeted contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 2005, 16, (1), 89-92. 

---