In vivo tissue

Aryloxyphosphazene polymers, such as compound 1 or its mixed-substituent analogs, are also hydrophobic (contact angles in the region of 100°). These too show promise as inert biomaterials on the basis of preliminary in vivo tissue compatibility tests (13). 

D. J. Kopacz, C. M. Bernards, H. W. Allen, C. Landau, P. Nandy, D. Wu, and P. G. Lacouture. A model to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables of extended-release products using in vivo tissue microdialysis in humans Bupivacaine-loaded microcapsules. Anaesth. Analg. 97 124-131 (2003). 

P. Jynge, T. Skjetne, I. Gribbestad, C.H. Kleinbloesem, H.F.W. Hoogkamer, O. Antonsen, J. Krane, O.E. Bakoy, K.M. Furuheim, O.G. Nilsen, In vivo tissue pharmacokinetics by fluorine magnetic-resonance spectroscopy—a study of liver and muscle disposition of fleroxacin in humans, Clin. Pharmacol. Then 48 (1990) 481-489. 

CARS microscopy has emerged as a highly sensitive analytical tool for vibrational bioimaging, predominantly, of lipids in membrane model systems [69, 81-84], live unstained cells [85-95, 43], and both ex vivo and in vivo tissues [26, 96-103, 43]. Examples of CARS imaging applications in the physical and material sciences include the study of fracture dynamics in drying silica nanoparticle suspensions [104], patterned polymeric photoresist film [105], drug molecules in a polymer matrix [106], and liquid crystals [107, 108],... 

Of the different types of oral mucosal cell cultures that have been used [47,48], the most commonly used ones are explants of primary cultures. Small pieces of excised buccal or sublingual tissue are placed in a support system and fed with culture medium. The outgrowths obtained from these tissue explants are then transferred and grown in appropriate media. For example, outgrowths of fibroblasts [49] thus obtained have been described. Gibbs and Ponec [50] reconstructed the epithelium of mucosal tissue by placing a tissue biopsy (with the epithelial side upwards) onto a fibroblast-populated collagen gel. The explants obtained were cultured immediately at the air liquid interface until the epithelium had expanded over the gel (2-3 weeks). These explant cultures may retain many of the in vivo tissue characteristics. 

Chaiken J, Finney WF, Yang X, Knudson PE, Peterson KP, Peterson CM, Weinstock RS, Hagrman D. Progress in the noninvasive in-vivo tissue-modulated Raman spectroscopy of human blood. Proceedings ofSPIE 2001, 4254, 216-227. 

A Tartari, E Casnati, J Felsteiner, C Baraldi and B Singh (1992) Feasibility of in vivo tissue characterisation by Compton scattering profile measurements. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B71, 209-213. 

In vivo Tissue engineering Tissue/organ Transplantation of tissue [15]... 

Fertility and early embryonic development rats Developmental rats, rabbits Prenatal and postnatal development rats Genetic toxicology in vitro bacterial and CFIO cell assays, mouse micronucleus assay Carcinogenicity proliferation in vitro and in vivo Tissue cross-reactivity human tissues Other safety studies in a variety of species Single dose none... 

The in vivo tissue distribution, excretion, and hepatic metabolism of microcystins have been primarily investigated using variously radiolabeled ones. " The amounts of the injected microcystins were too small and the amounts of the contaminants in the tissues were too large... 

Hatakeyama H et al (2004) Factors governing the in vivo tissue uptake of transferrin-coupled polyethylene glycol liposomes in vivo. Int J Pharm 281 25-33... 

Engineered 3D constructs Mimic architecture and flow of in vivo tissue allow (often) multi -technique observations Exogenous production and exposure shortlived metabolites Various constructed reactors, lab on a chip, scaffolds, etc. 

In vivo tissue regeneration by transplantation of a seeded or unseeded scaffold to aid in regeneration at a deficient site in the body. 

Ballard, P, Leahy, D. E., and Rowland, M., Prediction of in vivo tissue distribution from in vitro data 1. Experiments with markers of aqueous spaces, Pharm. Res., 17(6), 660, 2000. 

Although the traditional steroidal agonists and nonsteroidal antagonists are used for a narrow spectrum of diseases (owing to the factors discussed in Section 8.2.1), these molecules have served as archetypical scaffolds (generalized structural templates) for the development of many other related AR chemotypes with potentially broad therapeutic application. Over 64 chemically distinct putative AR agonist templates have been reported, including 22 templates with demonstrated in vivo tissue-selectivity for anabolic tissues [i.e. selective AR modulators (SARMs)]. 

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