Biohazard hoods

Obtain fresh human normal-term placentas within 1 h of delivery, and inspect them in a biohazard hood. If necessary, match placenta and cell species. Aseptically, peel the amnion membrane away from the chorion by hand and blunt dissection, and rinse it with PBS supplemented with antibiotics (100 U/ml penicillin, 100 ig/ml streptomycin, 0.5 /xg/ml Fungizone). Use only the outer portions of the amnion (>600 cm, <0.5 mm thick) not directly adjacent to the umbilical cord and decidua transfer them into DMEM with antibiotics. 

In addition to serologic testing, diagnosis should be pursued by microbiologic culture of blood or body fluid samples. Cultures should be held for at least 2 months, with weekly subcultures onto solid medium. Because it is extremely infectious for laboratory workers, the organism should be subcultured only in a biohazard hood. The reported frequency of isolation from blood varies widely, from less than 10% to 90% B melitensis is said to be more readily cultured than B abortus. Culture of bone marrow may increase the yield.46... 

Coriell, L.L. and McGarrity,G.J., Biohazard hood to prevent infection during microbiological ptocedutes, plied Microbiology, 16(12), 1895-1900, December 1968. 

Employers should take appropriate preventative measures against occupational exposure. These include engineering controls and work practice controls. Examples of engineering controls include biohazard hoods, puncture-resistant sharps containers, mechanical pipette devices, and other devices that permanently remove the hazard or isolate individuals from exposure. Organizations must evaluate and incorporate new safer devices including needleless devices, needles with sheaths, and blunt suture needles. Work practice controls must include hand washing policies, sharps handling procedures, proper waste disposal techniques, and other actions that would reduce the likelihood of exposure. 

All work with test and control chemicals should be conducted under Class II, Type II biohazard hoods (or equivalent) that are vented directly to the outside. Several types of filter systems can be used to prefilter the exhaust air, including HEPA and activated charcoal. Precise measurements of the efficiency of such filter systems, however, have not been reported. 

Moraxella catarrhalis is also known in the literature as Branhamella catarrhalis and type strains are available from the ATCC or clinical microbiology laboratories may provide clinical isolates. It is strongly recommended that a biohazard safety hood is used when handling large quantities of the bacterium (see Note 3). 

Safety precautions. Instructions for collection and processing of biohazardous samples, chemical safety, and the use of chemical hoods and personal protective equipment (gloves, face shields). 

Place vials on ice in a chemical fume hood. Remove buffer and add 300 pL of cold (4°C) 1% osmium solution. Snap on cap of vial and incubate for 1 h at 4 C with gentle agitation on a rotary mixer. Note OSO4 is highly toxic and volatile. Perform all steps in a chemical hood. Do not breathe in vapors and do not allow contact with skin. Dispose of all used solutions in a chemical waste bottle that is maintained in the chemical hood. Dispose of all waste using procedures mandated by your institutional biohazardous waste/safety officer. 

Control of aseptic environment, operation in a biohazard/laminar flow hood is easily implemented, as is the optimum placement of ancillary equipment... 

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