Sharps Handling

Never bend, recap, or remove contaminate needles and sharps. Place sharps immediately or as soon as feasible place into appropriate containers. Make needle containers available during the sorting process. 

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Employers should take appropriate preventative measures against occupational exposure. These include engineering controls and work practice controls. Examples of engineering controls include biohazard hoods, puncture-resistant sharps containers, mechanical pipette devices, and other devices that permanently remove the hazard or isolate individuals from exposure. Organizations must evaluate and incorporate new safer devices including needleless devices, needles with sheaths, and blunt suture needles. Work practice controls must include hand washing policies, sharps handling procedures, proper waste disposal techniques, and other actions that would reduce the likelihood of exposure. 

Uncontaminated used box cutter blades, uncontaminated knives, uncontaminated razor blades, uncontaminated broken glass, other uncontaminated sharps, or any other uncontaminated object that can penetrate the skin do not fall under the definition of regulated waste nor contaminated sharps. Handling uncontaminated sharps would not pose an occupational exposure as defined in 1910.1030(b). If no occupational exposure exists, then 1910.1030 does not need to be met. OSHA does not have any disposal requirements for uncontaminated sharps. 

Vinyl acetate is a colorless, flammable Hquid having an initially pleasant odor which quickly becomes sharp and irritating. Table 1 Hsts the physical properties of the monomer. Information on properties, safety, and handling of vinyl acetate has been pubUshed (5—9). The vapor pressure, heat of vaporization, vapor heat capacity, Hquid heat capacity, Hquid density, vapor viscosity, Hquid viscosity, surface tension, vapor thermal conductivity, and Hquid thermal conductivity profile over temperature ranges have also been pubHshed (10). Table 2 (11) Hsts the solubiHty information for vinyl acetate. Unlike monomers such as styrene, vinyl acetate has a significant level of solubiHty in water which contributes to unique polymerization behavior. Vinyl acetate forms azeotropic mixtures (Table 3) (12). 

A pump is designed to handle liquid, not vapor. Unfortunately, for many situations, it is easy to get vapor into the pump if the design is not earefully done. Vapor forms if the pressure in the pump falls below the liquid s vapor pressure. The lowest pressure occurs right at the impeller inlet where a sharp pressure dip oeeurs. The impeller rapidly builds up the pressure, which collapses vapor bubbles, eausing cavitation and damage. This must be avoided by maintaining sufficient net positive suetion head (NPSFl) as specified by the manufacturer. 

The particular features of the nylons should also be taken into account in extrusion. Dry granules must be used unless a devolatilising extruder is employed. Because of the sharp melting point it is found appropriate to use a screw with a very short compression zone. Polymers of the lowest melt viscosity are to be avoided since they are difficult to handle. Provision should be made to initiate cooling immediately the extrudate leaves the die. 

The needle stick log will help both employees and employers track all needle sticks to help identify problem areas. The log must be maintained to protect the confidentiality of the injured employee. In addition, employers must have a written Exposure Control Plan that is updated annually. During the annual review, inquiries must be made about new or prospective safer options. If new safer devices are available, they should be adopted for use in the agency. The new guidelines will help reduce needle stick injuries among health care workers and others who handle medical sharps. Safety engineered devices such as self-sheathing needles and needleless systems can be used. 

They get up and go over to the workbench, and I wonder if Mark can see in Gareth what I can so clearly that he still touches paper as if he loves it, handles the machines like a patient groom or shepherd, judges space and proportion and form as naturally as breathing, his eyes sharp even as he shows Mark things he s already looked at himself for hours each day. How can he give it up ... 

Though the preparative method is suitable for large scale synthesis, the product must be handled with care. On rapid heating, the internal diazonium salt decomposes violently at 155-160°C accompanied by a sharp sound. The dried powder should not be scratched with a metal spatula or ground finely. 

Catastrophic rupture of a tank. It may be the result of a manufacturing defect, abusive handling or stress fracture, puncture by a sharp object, or external fire combined with failure of pressure relief device to open. 

Take care when handling sharps. When practical, use a mouthpiece or other ventilation device as an alternative to mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. 

A second, and potentially more useful feature is the stability of these unimolecu-lar initiators to a wide variety of reaction and polymerization conditions which is in sharp contrast to traditional initiators for anionic procedures, such as n-butyl lithium. This allows the initiators to be fully characterized, purified and handled by normal techniques, thus simplifying the polymerization process. It also permits a variety of chemical transformations to be performed on the initiator prior to polymerization, which greatly facilitates the preparation of chain end functionalized macromolecules. For example, the chloromethyl functionalized al-koxyamine, 18, can be readily converted in high yield to the corresponding aminomethyl derivative, 19, followed by polymerization to give well-defined linear polymers, 20, with a single primary amine at the chain end (Scheme 12). 

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