Bayh-Dole Act

A new kind of relationship is emerging between universities and industry in the chemical sciences, influenced in part by the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, which allowed universities to retain intellectual property rights from federally funded research.2 As large industrial organizations have fewer and smaller departments doing long-range or basic research, they look to universities both for fundamental research and for students. In contrast to previous decades, in which many compa-... 

Robert A. Swanson and biochemist Dr Herbert W. Boyer, and the changes in state and federal laws (the 1980 Bayh-Dole Act) paved the way for universities and academicians to participate in fostering business alliances and creating new companies. 

The Bayh-Dole Act, or the University and Small Business Patent Procedures Act, gives universities, small businesses, and nonprofit organizations the intellectual ownership of property, including new drugs, that they discover and develop with government funding. 

Birch Bayh, Democratic senator from Indiana from 1963 to 1981. With Republican senator Robert Dole, he cosponsored the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 or the University and Small Business Patent Procedures Act, which gave universities and small businesses ownership of patents resulting from projects funded by the federal government. The major drug companies benefited as well They can license new drugs from the universities and small businesses that discovered them. 

The University and Small Business Patent Procedure Act, commonly known as the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, gave nonprofit organizations such as universities as well as small businesses the right to retain patents for technology developed with government funds. 

In 1983, an Executive Order extended the coverage of the Bayh-Dole Act to all government contractors. The Act also granted federal agencies the right to offer exclusive or coexclusive licenses to patents on inventions made by laboratory employees considered necessary for the commercialization of the invention. 

The overall costs of the Research Corporation and the cost per patent rose substantially from 1960 to 1982 (see Figure 1.2). As a result, the Research Corporation encountered cost pressures that in turn caused a decline in its net income (see Figure 1.3). The mid-1970s in particular brought recurrent deficits. These deficits appeared prior to the Bayh-Dole Act, which led a number of universities to enter technology licensing independently of the Research Corporation. 

The third of these cases is the so-called Bayh-Dole era. The Bayh-Dole Act was passed in 1980 and facilitated the licensing of inventions based on patents from federally funded research by U.S. universities... 

D.C. Mowery, R.R. Nelson, B. Sampat, and A.A. Ziedonis, The Effects of the Bayh-Dole Act on U.S. University Research and Technology Transfer An Analysis of Data from Columbia University, University of California and Stanford University, forthcoming in Industrializing Knowledge, L. Branscomb and R. Florida, eds. (MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1999). 

David Schetter, University of California, Irvine Dr. Mowery, is it not the case that, prior to the Bayh-Dole Act in 1980, the universities were not allowed to own the results of federally funded research, and that a primary impetus of Bayh-Dole was to create an incentive for universities to commercialize federally funded research Second, if that is the basis of Bayh-Dole, do you have any data to determine whether or not it has achieved its goal ... 

Industrial competitiveness relies on leadership in science. Increasingly, start-up companies exploit scientific discoveries made at universities with federal support. Technology transfer from universities to industry has been facilitated by the Bayh-Dole Act. New companies are continually being started to exploit innovations from biotechnology and nanoscience chemists are often crucial players in these discoveries and new ventures. President Bush s American Competitiveness Initiative proposal, which calls for a large increase in support for research in the physical sciences and for science and math education, could have a major impact on the health of chemistry research in the United States. 

Bayh-Dole Act 1980 Enable university tech transfer... 

The Bayh-Dole Act. A Guide to the Law and Implementing Regulations , Council on Governmental Relations, October 1999. Available at www.cogr.edu/docs/Bayh Dole.pdf. 

University Technology Transfer Office Another source of employment for the intellectual property professional is the university technology transfer office. Since the passage of the Bayh Dole Act in 1980, which provides for universities to own inventions developed through federal government funding, many universities have builf sophisticated offices to identify and protecf infellectual properly developed by... 

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