Kirby-Bauer method

NOTE 1 SECTION 35 is to be used to record disc sensitivities for clinical applications (eg., the methods of Bauer et. al., 1966, commonly referred to as Kirby-Bauer or Bauer-Kirby Methods). Other tests of antimicrobial sensitivity or resistance should be coded under SECTION 19/40.]... 

NOTE 2 Feature numbers 035001 through 035079 refer specifically to the Bauer-Kirby Methods. (See ... 

Table 4.4 Activity of nanoemulsions, US Patent 6,015,832, Kirby-Bauer plate method...

PCXII3 at 120 °C (10-30 s). All the final compounds were screened for antibacterial activity by Kirby Bauer s method using amicacin as the standard against various Gram-posibve and Gram-negative bacterial strains. All the tested compounds showed comparable antibacterial activity with the standard might be used as possible hits in future. 

Grendahl and Sung [96] tested a simple, reliable, and inexpensive assay method for the quantitation of serum levels of miconazole and other imidazole drugs. This assay, which is similar to Kirby-Bauer test, was sensitive to 0.2 pg of drug/mL and linear from <0.2 to 10 pg/mL. Concentration of inoculum and agar depth in test plates was not as critical as the type of medium, amount of inoculum or type of drug used. 

Kirby-Bauer Plate Test (Disk Sensitivity Method)... 

Kirby-Bauer Plates (Disk Sensitivity) Method... 

Once an organism has grown on culture, sensitivity testing can be performed to determine which antibiotics are the most effective.The most commonly used method, the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disc system, usually takes 48 hours to perform. Unfortunately, it can be inaccurate because of the lower concentrations of antibiotic on the test discs compared with levels that can be achieved in the cornea through topical application. In addition, some topical ocular preparations are not available on discs for sensitivity testing. 

Resistant by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to penicillin G (P), Tetracycline (T), Clindamycin (C), Novobiocin (N), Kanamycin (K), Chloroamphenicol (Ch), Erythromycin (E). 

Bauer AW, Kirby MM, Sherris JC, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized, single-disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 1966 45 ... 

Kirby-Bauer Disk-Diffusion Method and Modified Kirby-Bauer Susceptibility Test (a. 15)... 

This method originates from work carried out by Kirby and Bauer in the 1950s looking at single disc antibiotic sensitivity of Staphylococci. Some laboratories and organisations have adapted this in vitro method used as a guide for in vivo infections to utilise it in the plastics sector (Figure 20). 

MICs) of a drug for comparison with anticipated blood or tissue levels. The two most common methods of susceptibility testing are disk dilfusion (Kirby-Bauer) and broth dilution. For some bacteria (eg, gonococci, enterococci, H influenzae), a direct test for beta-lac-tamase can be substituted, since susceptibility patterns are identical for all strains except for the production of beta-lactamase. 

The agar diffusion method (Kirby—Bauer) is also sometimes used for the evaluation of antibacterial activity of textiles. This is a relatively quick and easily executed semiquantitative method to determine antibacterial activity of diffusible antimicrobial agents on treated textile material. The bacteria are grown in nutrient broth medium and after appropriate dilution (e.g., lOOx) from the culture, test organisms are swabbed over the surface of agar plates. Ten-millimetre-diameter disks of the test fabric and control fabric are then gently pressed onto the surface of the plate. The plates are then incubated at 37 °C for 18—24 h. The antibacterial activity of the fabrics is demonstrated by the diameter of the zone of inhibition in comparison to the control textile sample. 

NOTE 1 Section 19/40 is not to he used for antibiotic DISC sensitivity relative to clinical applica tions. For coding antibiotic DISC sensitivities relative to clinical applications (e.g., Kirby-Bauer Methods) use Section 35.]... 

Bauer, A. W., M. M. Kirby, J.C. Sherris and M. Turck. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility and testing by a standardized single disc method. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 45 493-496.) New feature numbers have been added to reflect the changes and additions as published by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). (See Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Susceptibility Tests. Second edition May, 1981 NCCLS, Vol. 1 No. 6 771 E. Lancaster Avenue Villanova, PA 19805.) (See also Thornsberry, C. 1980. Disc agar diffusion susceptibility test. 

Kirby-Bauer method See disk diffusion method. 

The ZOI test, also widely known as the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test, is a fast in vitro but semiquantitative test [169], The original purpose of this test was to replace the MIC test for small molecule antibiotic efficacy [169], Soon, this method was adopted and modified to evaluate antimicrobial efficacy of silver and polymeric devices with eluting antimicrobial agents [170], Conunonly used eluting antimicrobial agents are zinc salt/particles [171-173], silver salt/particles [173-177], and chlorhexi-dine [178,179], These antimicrobial agents can be compounded/blended into polyurethanes or coated/adsorbed on polyurethanes. 

The library of silver-NHC compounds has been greatly expanded due to the contributions of Tacke and coworkers (13a-21) [13-17] and Roland et al. (22a-25b) [18]. Compounds 13a-21 (Figure 6.1), all bearing the acetate ligand, were evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus and . coli using a qualitative Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. The imidazolium salt precursors, silver acetate, and the vehicle (dimethylsulfoxide) served as controls. The results of the tests were mixed, with a number of compounds having a weak... 

Kirby-Bauer Method See Disk Diffusion Method. 

The antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites was investigated by modified Kirby-Bauer diffusion plate method against gram negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). An equal quantity of the nanocomposites with different Ag-NPs concentrations was pressed into pellets of diameters about 13 mm and thickness of 1-2 mm and incubated with the bacteria at 37 °C. Zone of inhibition was measured after 24 h of incubation. Broth dilution method was employed to determine the values of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of PPy-NTs Ag-NPs nanocomposites against E. coli and 5. aureus. 

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