Basic characterization test

Basic characterization tests which will generate knowledge on the materials investigated. 

Actually basic characterization tests are developed as standards combining percolation test and pH static leach test. 

Anonymous (1999) Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) Technical Committee 292/Working Group 6. Basic Characterization Test for Leaching Behaviour pH Dependence Test, Draff Version 5. CEN Central Secretariat, rue de Strassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. 

The primary purposes of testing related to shock and vibration are to verify and characterize the dynamic response of the product to a dynamic environment and to demonstrate that the final design will withstand the test environment specified for the product under evaluation. Basic characterization testing is usually performed on an electrodynamic vibration machine with the unit under test hard-mounted to a vibration fixture that has no resonance in the pass band of the excitation spectrum. The test input is a low-displacement-level sinusoid that is slowly varied in firequency (swept) over the frequency range of interest. Sine sweep testing produces a history of the response (displacement or acceleration) at selected points on the equipment to... 

Catalytic test reactions represent an important tool for acid-basic characterization. Conversion of secondary alcohols such as isopropanol, 2-butanol, and cyclohexanol either to olefins or to ketones, is considered to be evidence of acidic and basic behavior, respectively [104],... 

There are two (perhaps three) basic corrosion tests that can be performed. The first, and certainly the most prevalent, is the so-called constant inventory test. Here, a metal specimen is exposed to a finite amount of test liquid (usually preconditioned) in a closed container. The test has a relatively short duration during which the corrosion rate asymptotically approaches a pseudo steady state. However, over this period of time all conditions keep changing, from the composition of the solution to the metallic surface conditions (real surface area, scale buildup, accumulation of iron carbide, and many more). Constant Inventory tests are characterized by the hquid volume to specimen surface area ratio. This ratio should always be maximized. 

First, a general overview and basic characterization of the EIAD data set was performed. This included an evaluation of temporal trends in the annual attack numbers, using the non-paramet-ric Mann-Kendall test (Mann, 1945). A positive (negative) value of the Z-statistic identifies... 

Penetration—Indentation. Penetration and indentation tests have long been used to characterize viscoelastic materials such as asphalt, mbber, plastics, and coatings. The basic test consists of pressing an indentor of prescribed geometry against the test surface. Most instmments have an indenting tip, eg, cone, needle, or hemisphere, attached to a short rod that is held vertically. The load is controlled at some constant value, and the time of indentation is specified the size or depth of the indentation is measured. Instmments have been built which allow loads as low as 10 N with penetration depths less than mm. The entire experiment is carried out in the vacuum chamber of a scanning electron microscope with which the penetration is monitored (248). 

Untreated (control) soil is collected to determine the presence of substances that may interfere with the measurement of target analytes. Control soil is also necessary for analytical recovery determinations made using laboratory-fortified samples. Thus, basic field study design divides the test area into one or more treated plots and an untreated control plot. Unlike the treated plots, the untreated control is typically not replicated but must be sufficiently large to provide soil for characterization, analytical method validation, and quality control. To prevent spray drift on to the control area and other potential forms of contamination, the control area is positioned > 15 m away and upwind of the treated plot, relative to prevailing wind patterns. 

Statistical experimental design is characterized by the three basic principles Replication, Randomization and Blocking (block division, planned grouping). Latin square design is especially useful to separate nonrandom variations from random effects which interfere with the former. An example may be the identification of (slightly) different samples, e.g. sorts of wine, by various testers and at several days. To separate the day-to-day and/or tester-to-tester (laboratory-to-laboratory) variations from that of the wine sorts, an m x m Latin square design may be used. In case of m = 3 all three wine samples (a, b, c) are tested be three testers at three days, e.g. in the way represented in Table 5.8 ... 

This value characterizes the upper level of relative scattering of estimated elements concentration in all the considered snow samples, which is associated both with estimation errors in groups 1-3 and natural variation of the elements abundance in samples. Thus, the results of successive testing of ypotheses Ht -H3 allow us to conclude that the basic hypothesis Hb is true and only global source of chemical contamination exists on the territory of Karabash. 

Test substances (or articles), control substances (or articles), and reference substances are covered by Subpart F in both the FDA and EPA regulations. Basically this subpart covers all substances under investigation and all known substances used in the investigation in terms of their characterization, handling, and mixing. 

Methods development starts with a relatively high number of techniques to characterize and test samples. The number of protocols is often reduced once the critical parameters and the methods that identify them have been defined. The analyst must evaluate the initial techniques with respect to their purposes. If the goal is to generate research data, the practicality of the method and its limitations are not of primary concern if the goal is to use the technique as part of a test procedure, it has to be evaluated in terms of its potential to meet full validation. Critical procedures (e.g., release testing) that cannot be validated will bring a project to an expensive halt. For these reasons, this chapter provides basic principles as well as limitations of capillary electrophoresis (CE) as applied to the analysis of real biopharmaceutical molecules. 

ISO/TR 7073 1988 Recommended techniques for the installation of unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) buried drains and sewers ISO 7387-1 1983 Adhesives with solvents for assembly of PVC-U pipe elements -Characterization - Part 1 Basic test methods ISO 7508 1985 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) valves for pipes under pressure -Basic dimensions - Metric series... 

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