Barium acetate effect

The health effects of the different barium compounds depend on how well the specific barium compound dissolves in water. For example, barium sulfate does not dissolve well in water and has few adverse health effects. Doctors sometimes give barium sulfate orally or by placing it directly in the rectum of patients for purposes of making x-rays of the stomach or intestines. The use of this particular barium compound in this type of medical test is not harmful to people. Barium compounds such as barium acetate, barium carbonate, barium chloride, barium hydroxide, barium nitrate, and barium sulfide that dissolve in water can cause adverse health effects. Most of what we know comes from studies in which a small number of individuals were exposed to fairly large amounts of barium for short periods. Eating or drinking very large amounts of barium compounds that dissolve in water may cause paralysis or death in a few... 

Fermented grape skins contain alcohol along with acetic acid, which is the product of the reaction of alcohol with oxygen of the air. The acetic acid reacts with copper to produce copper acetate. This substance is effective against fungi that attack grapes. Copper acetate can also be manufactured by reacting copper sulfate with calcium acetate or barium acetate. Both calcium sulfate and barium sulfate are insoluble and precipitate out copper acetate stays in solution. 

Barium acetate can be dissolved in Ti(ME A)4 to afford a precursor for baiium titanate. The baiium salt will dissolve slowly in the neat titanium caiboxylate but the most rapd way to prepare the precursor is to dissolve both Ba(CH3CXX))2 and Ti(MEEA)4 in a small amount of water and then dry in vacuo to yidd a pde yellow liquid. Dissoluticxi cf baiium acetate has little effect oa the NMR resonances of the... 

This is not the end of the complexity of ion effects related to their Gibbs energy, in particular with divalent ions. Magnesium and barium acetates show a cross-over of their respective activity coefficients at 1 M, not to speak of mixed salt solutions or transition metal ions such as Zn + or Cd " ". The prediction of their activity coefficients is hopeless today and certainly yet for a long time. 

Administration of 5 ppm barium, the acetate, to mice in the drinking water in a life-time study had no observable effects on longevity, mortality, and body weights, or on the incidence of tumors (53). Long-term studies in rats exposed to Ba " in drinking water containing 5 mg/L, as acetate, or 10—250 mg/L, as chloride, resulted in no measurable toxic effects (47). 

Other physical phenomena that may be associated, at least partially, with complex formation are the effect of a salt on the viscosity of aqueous solutions of a sugar and the effect of carbohydrates on the electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions of electrolytes. Measurements have been made of the increase in viscosity of aqueous sucrose solutions caused by the presence of potassium acetate, potassium chloride, potassium oxalate, and the potassium and calcium salt of 5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid.81 Potassium acetate has a greater effect than potassium chloride, and calcium ion is more effective than potassium ion. Conductivities of 0.01-0.05 N aqueous solutions of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and calcium sulfate, in both the presence and absence of sucrose, have been determined by Selix.88 At a sucrose concentration of 15° Brix (15.9 g. of sucrose/100 ml. of solution), an increase of 1° Brix in sucrose causes a 4% decrease in conductivity. Landt and Bodea88 studied dilute aqueous solutions of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, barium chloride, and tetra-... 

The effect of cation-complexing agents on the barium(II)-assisted basic ethanolysis of phenyl acetate has been looked at.184 Addition of various crown ethers yields ternary complexes of 1 1 1 crown-metal-ethoxide composition and a definite cation activation takes place. Cryptand 222 removes the catalytic activity. 

Acid cleaning agents such as hydrochloric, phosphoric, or citric acids effectively remove common scaling compounds. With cellulose acetate membranes the pH of the solution should not go below 2.0 or else hydrolysis of the membrane will occur. Oxalic acid is particularly effective for removing iron deposits. Acids such as citric acid are not very effective with calcium, magnesium, or barium sulfate scale in this case a chelatant such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) may be used. 

On the other hand, all the organic solvents used are either flammable or toxic or expensive. Some are poisonous, or hazardous to health, and others dissolve, or cause feathering in, dyes and inks used on paper. Substances such as magnesium acetate, barium hydroxide, cyclohexylamine and its carbonate and acetate and magnesium methoxide have been tested for their safety and effectiveness. 

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