Transportation, barge

Shipping. Distribution of anhydrous ammonia ia the United States is fackitated by pipeline, where three companies serve 11 states having lines almost 4800 km ia total length, by water, where over 4800 km of river barge transport capabkity exists, by rak, where an extensive network ia the continental United States has tie-ias to Canada and Mexico, and by tmck, used mainly for iaterstate or local dehvery. 

As in the case of highways, considerable contention results from public maintenance of the inland waterways for recreation, flood control, and other purposes, as well as for the transportation of barges and other freight-carrying vessels. Because barge transportation of chemicals is considered essential to economical distribution, governmental toUs assessed for such maintenance ate of critical interest to the chemicals industry. 

Three factors favored construction of ammonia pipelines. First, over 50% of this country s agricultural nitrogen is used in the Midwest and between 40 and 65% of this total is applied directly to the soil as anhydrous ammonia. Second, the low price of natural gas needed for the production of ammonia favored a Gulf Coast plant site or one near a large gas field. Third, much of the Midwest is inaccessible to cheap barge transportation. 

Note 2 rail and barge transportation is possible for large-volume shipments between central production and a terminal facility... 

Barex 210 resin, l 450t Barex 218 resin, l 450t Barex resins, 1 449-452 properties of, l 450t BArF anions, 16 95 bar gene, 13 360, 36 It Barge transport, 25 327 Barite, 3 343, 351, 352-355 17 691... 

For successful and economical exploitation and utilisation of isolated sources of fossil fuel, located in remote and/or hardly accessible regions, the problem of operationally safe and economically acceptable way of transport becomes usually one of the decisive parameters. The pipeline transport seems to be one of the promising and powerful systems that can serve for long distance transport of fossil fuels, from dozens to thousands kilometres and can compete with the conventional railway and barges transport. 

However, the fundamental economical criterion of any transport system is not the power consumption, but the total transport cost per unit mass and distance. Goedde [18] made the comparison of the total unit transport cost of the coal-methanol mixture pipelining with coal-water mixture pipelining, railway and barges transport. He pointed out that the transport of coal in methanol could be significantly profitable and competitive compared with the rest of the above-mentioned kinds of transport. Therefore, the attention... 

The following figures will give an idea of the growth of barge transportation in the ten years from 1947 to 1957. All these products represent vital raw materials for many chemical companies. 

Domestic barge transport of radioactive materials packages [V.6] Sea/water 1.5g 1.6g 2g... 

V.6] AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, American National Standard for Highway Route Controlled Quantities of Radioactive Materials — Domestic Barge Transport, ANSI N14.24-1985, ANSI, New York (1993). 

The Coast Guards of Canada and the United States, each with its own added requirements, regulate barge transport of chlorine (P79). There is not yet a Coast Guard-defined procedure for emergency response plans, but training is covered in 29 CFR 1910.120. This also covers procedures, clean-up activities, and the use of personal protective equipment. Protective equipment is also the subject of Cl Pamphlet 65 and 29 CFR 1910.132-134. 

The model has been used to describe the simulation of a number of situations of transport of hazardous cargo by ship [64]. One of the situations covered is a fictitious anhydrous ammonia casualty at Louisville, Kentucky. The greatest potential hazards in ammonia spills, on or below the surface of water, are obviously those associated with barge transport on rivers and in narrow coastal waters, and those associated with tanker transport in narrow streams and harbors. 

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