Bakelite, trade name

The first aromatic sulfone polymer produced commercially was introduced as Bakelite polysulfone but now is sold by Union Carbide under the trade name Udel. It is made by reaction of the disodium salt of bisphenol A (BPA) with 4,4 -dichIorodiphenyl sulfone in a mixed solvent of chlorobenzene and dimethyl sulfoxide (eq. 12). 

Phenolic resins are also widely known as phenol-formaldehyde resins, PF resins and phenoplasts. The trade name Bakelite has in the past been widely and erroneously used as a common noun and indeed is noted as such in many English dictionaries. 

Trade (and/or brand) names and abbreviations are often used to describe a particular material or a group of materials. They may be used to identify the product of a manufacturer, processor, or fabricator, and may be associated with a particular product or with a material or modified material, or a material grouping. Trade names are used to describe specific groups of materials that are produced by a specific company or under license of that company. Bakelite is the trade name given for the phenol-formaldehyde condensation developed by Baekeland. A sweater whose material is described as containing Orion contains polyacrylonitrile fibers that are protected under the Orion trademark and produced or licensed to be produced by the holder of the Orion trademark. Carina, Cobex, Dacovin,... 

Phenol—formaldehyde (PF) was the first of the synthetic adhesives developed. By combining phenol with formaldehyde, which has exceptional cross-linking abilities with many chemicals and materials, and a small amount of sodium hydroxide, a resin was obtained. The first resins solidified as they cooled, and it was discovered that if it was ground to a powder with a small amount of additional formaldehyde and the application of more heat, the mixture would liquify and then convert to a permanently hard material. Upon combination of the powdered resin mixture with a filler material such as wood flour, the result then being placed in a mold and pressed under heat and pressure, a hard, durable, black plastic material was found to result. For many years these resulting products were called Bakelite, the trade name of the inventor. Bakelite products are still produced today, but this use accounts for only a small portion of the PF resins used. 

Phenolic resins (phenol-formaldehyde polymers), copolymers of phenol and formaldehyde, were the first fully synthetic polymers made. They were discovered in 1910 by Leo Baekeland and given the trade name Bakelite . 

Trade names and synonyms Bakelite, Micarta , Nomex (phenolic impregnated paper), Tufnol (phenolic impregnated textile)... 

TRADE NAME Bakelite (Georgia Pacific Resins, Inc.)... 

Manuf./Disttib. Akzo Nobel BASF Bakelite GmbH Bayer/Industrial Chems/Textile Chemical Cytec Ind. DSM UK EMCO Chem. Distributors Georgia-Pacific Resins Harborchem Hercules McWhorter Tech. Monomer-Polymer Dajac Labs Monsanto Nemesis Inti Neste Resins Noveon Reichhokf Trade Names Diamonine B... 

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, the first all-synthetic plastic (trade name Bakelite) made in 1907, was made via a polycondensation reaction. 

Phenol-formaldehyde phenolic resins). A range of rather brittle, dark brown or black thermosetting resins. The original material was given the trade name Bakelite the first synthetic resin produced, it was used for electrical fittings and casings. Later variations, less brittle, are used for pump impellers, dip-pipes, agitators, and bottle closures. 

Bakelite lba-k9- llt, - kllt n. (1) A trade name derived from the name of Leo H. Baekeland, a pioneering Belgian chemist who developed phenolic resins in the early 1900s. They are the oldest family of phenolformaldehyde polymers. The trade name was long used by the Bakelite Corporation, later absorbed by Union Carbide, who still uses the name for some of its resins. (2) Phenol-formaldehyde resins, manufactured by Bakelite Inc., USA. 

Phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF resin, phenolic resin) n. The most important of the phenolic resins. Made by condensing phenol with formaldehyde, these were the first synthetic thermosetting resins to be developed (Baekeland, 1907) and were marketed under the trade name Bakelite. Salamone JC (ed) (1996) Polymeric materials encyclopedia. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 

Bakelite is still used today as a generic name in some foreign countries. The trade-name also applies to phenolic and other plastic materials produced by Union Carbide Corp. The tradename Bakelite is generally followed by the specific name of the plastic. 

By trade name or common natne. The trade or proprietary name is assigned by the product manufacturer, and they emphasize merchandise or variety, for example, the trade name of polyamide is nylon other trade names include, for example, Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) and Celluloid (nitrocellulose). Names such as organic glass (polyfmethyl methacrylate)), Bakelite (phenolic resin), and electric jade (urea formaldehyde resin) have also been widely used. 

Phenolic or phenol-formaldehyde resins describe a variety of products made by the condensation of phenols with formaldehyde. The first commercial processes for the manufacture of phenolic resins were developed by Baekeland and Thuslow in the early 1900s and the products were sold under the trade names of bakelite and novolac. 

Polyvinyl acetals celebrate 50 years of commercial production. Monsanto, DuPont, and Union Carbide have been the United States suppliers of polyvinyl butyral over its first half century of production. DuPont exclusively supplies safety glass interlayer under the trade name Butacite . Union Carbide offers polyvinyl butyral resin as Bakelite . Monsanto produces safety glass interlayer, Saflex polyvinyl butyral resin, Butvai and polyvinyl formal resin, Formvai . Monsanto is the world s leading manufacturer of polyvinyl acetals. 

The first commercial exploitation of a thermosetting material of the phenol formaldehyde group was made about the year 1908, by Dr. Leo Hendrik Baekeland (from which the trade name of Bakelite is derived). Other developments soon followed, such as the introduction of urea formaldehyde in the early 1920 s, by Poliak and Ripper, until a whole range of materials suitable for compression moulding which has now become available. 

Leo Hendrik Baekeland s process for the phenol-formaldehyde polycondensation resin that he called Bakelite was patented in 1907 and commercialized by his General Bakelite Company, established in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in 1910. A British factory, a subsidiary of Bakelite s German holding company, was opened at Cowley, Middlesex, in 1914. Baekeland also coined the name Novolac, which at one time was used as the trade mark for Novolak phenol-formaldehyde resins, following his observation that they behaved like lac resins. Phenol-formaldehyde resins were found to be thermosetting (hard and unmouldable when heated), and formed by condensation ... 

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