Bacterial cellulose applications

Basta, A.H., El-Saied, H., 2009. Performance of improved bacterial cellulose application in the production of functional paper. Journal of AppUed Microbiology 107, 2098—2107. 

One of the first applications of the natural product bacterial cellulose (BC) was the use as a calorie-free dessert called Nata de Coco, today a common Asian food. 

Czaja W, Kawecki M, Krystynowicz A, Wysota K, Sakiel S, Wroblewski P, Glik J, Bielecki S (2004) 227th ACS National Meeting, Anaheim, CA, USA Application of bacterial cellulose in treatment of second and third degree burns... 

Shao W, Tang M, Li S, Xiong Z (2002) Shipin Kexue 23 167 Study on application of bacterial cellulose in fermented soy milk ice cream... 

Krystynowicz A, Bielecki S, Czaja W, Rzyska M (2000) Prog Biotechnol 17 (Food Biotechnology) 323 Application of bacterial cellulose for clarification of fruit juices... 

The Ag nanoparticles containing bacterial cellulose nanoflbers exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, indicating wound-dressing applications [25]. Gelatin fiber mats with antibacterial activity against some common bacteria found on bum... 

There is a wealth of data, both in the scientific and patent literature, on the chemical modification of plant cellulose. All of these methods are equally applicable to bacterial cellulose given that the two types of cellulose are chemically identical. However, it is the physical structure of bacterial cellulose membranes that make them a potential material for PEM fuel cells. Therefore, the aim is to modify bacterial cellulose pellicules in a manner that retains the structure of the cellulose and does not... 

O Neill, H., Evans, B.R., and Woodward, J. (2002) Bacterial Cellulose in Energy Conversion Applications A poster presentation... 

This study showed that the bacterial cellulose derived fix)m coconut and pineapple juices can be converted efficiently to bacterial cellulose by the supplementation of yeast extract and ethanol under static fermentation conditions at 30 °C. Bacterial celluloses produced from all strains are growth associated products. Coconut juice seems to be a better substrate than pineapple juice. In view of energy consumption, the productivity of BC on this medium is high, which makes the production costs lower than expected. It is also clear that different A. xylinum strains produce different BC content levels under the same inoculation volumes and under static cultivation conditions. These results suggest that bacterial cellulose pellicles of all strains appear to be easily applied to use in many applications such as food, paper, and textile industries, without requiring additional steps of decolorization and purification. Furthermore, the properties of cellulose, in tenns of crystallinity, high water-absorption capacity, and mechanical strength of the reported strains, have additional applications in cosmetics and medicine. 

Native cellulose are commonly modified by physical, chemical, enzymic, or genetic means in order to obtain specific functional properties, and to improve some of the inherent properties that limit their utility in certain application. Physical/surface modification of cellulose are performed in order to clean the fiber surface, chemically modify the surface, stop the moisture absorption process, and increase the surface roughness. " Among the various pretreatment techniques, silylation, mercerization, peroxide, benzoylation, graft copolymerization, and bacterial cellulose treatment are the best methods for surface modification of natural fibers. 

Similar to bacterial cellulose, NCC is biocompatible, stable, chemically inactive, and physiologically inert [58]. Moreover, NEC s nanoscale size allows for easy dispersion and its superior strength can provide effective reinforcement to a low strength matrix such as fibrin. These characteristics make NCC a promising nanobiomaterial for SDRVG application. 

Synthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose-Based Composites and Their Applications... 

Synthesis of regenerated bacterial cellulose-zinc oxide nanocomposite films for biomedical applications, 21,433-447. 

Preparation and characterization of a Bacterial cellulose/Chitosan composite for potential biomedical application, 18,... 

Millon, L. E., and Wan, W. K. (2006). The potyvinyl alcohol-bacterial cellulose system as a new nanocomposite for biomedical applications, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. BAppI. Biomater, 79,45-253. 

Nanocellulose, such as that produced by the bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus (bacterial cellulose, BC), is an emerging biomaterial with great potential in several applications. The performance of bacterial cellulose stems from its high purity, ultra-fine network structure and high mechanical properties in the dry state [114]. These features allow its applications in scaffold for tissue regeneration, medical applications and nanocomposites. A few researchers have used bacterial cellulose mats to reinforce polymeric matrices and scaffolds with wound healing properties [115-121]. BC is pure cellulose made by bacterial fabrication via biochemical... 

Torres, F.G., Grande, C.J., Troncoso, O.P., Gomez, C.M., Lopez, D. Bacterial cellulose nanocomposites for biomedical applications In Kumar, S.A., Thiagarajan, S., Wang, F. (eds.) Biocompatible Nanomaterials Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Analytical Chemistry. Nova Science Publishers, USA (2010)... 

Cienchanska, D. Multifunctional bacterial cellulose/chitosan composite materials for medical applications. Fibres Text. East Eur. 12, 69-72 (2004)... 

Bacterial cellulose has a wide range of potential biomedical applications such as tissue engineered cartilage scaffolds [142, 143] wound dressing [144—148]... 

In this chapter we have reviewed some of the most important characteristics of cellulose and cellulose based blends, composites and nanocomposites. The intrinsic properties of cellulose such as its remarkable mechanical properties have promoted its use as a reinforcement material for different composites. It has been showed that cellulose is a material with a defined hierarchy that tends to form fibrillar elements such as elementary fibrils, micro fibrils, and macro fibers. Physical and chemical processes allow us to obtain different scale cellulose reinforcements. Macro fibers, such as lignocellulosic fibers of sisal, jute, cabuya, etc. are used for the production of composites, whereas nano-sized fibers, such as whiskers or bacterial cellulose fibers are used to produce nanocomposites. Given that cellulose can be used to obtain macro- and nano-reinforcements, it can be used as raw material for the production of several composites and nanocomposites with many different applications. The understanding of the characteristics and properties of cellulose is important for the development of novel composites and nanocomposites with new applications. 

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