Autoclave tests described

From the autoclave testing, it is concluded that in case of a runaway, the substance produces a significant quantity of gases. The end stage of the runaway will certainly result in a thermal explosion. The venting evaluation should be conducted by the test methods and calculation procedures described in Chapter 3. 

In many commercial brochures, chemical resistance is indicated as excellent, good, fair, or poor. Although the test method is usually outlined, wide interpretation is possible. Immersion tests are usually described in this manner. Hydrolytic stabiUty is tested by salt-spray cycling or autoclave cycling. 

Calculation of kinetic parameters - In the experiments carried out in the single autoclave the H2 pressure was not maintained and the consumption of H2 controlled the conversion of AcOBu, which could be described by pseudo-first order rate constant. In the activity tests performed in SPR16 the conversion of AcOBu increased linearly up to ca. 50 % with reaction time. Initial reaction rates were calculated from AcOBu conversion vs. reaction time dependence, the initial concentration of substrate and the amount of catalyst or the amount of promoters in 1 g of catalyst. 

Standard test for hydrolytic stability. The hydrolytic stability of the chlorinated resins was determined by the following test procedure. An acid digestion autoclave having a volume of 125 ml is charged with 40 ml of resin and 28 ml of deionized water. The bomb is sealed and transferred into an oven, pre-heated to 200 °C. The test is continued for 24 hours. The bomb is removed and cooled to ambient temperature. The liquid is separated from the resin and the chlorine content analyzed while the resin is washed thoroughly and its acid capacity is determined as described in section 5. The test results are shown in Table 2. 

Assays of Naphthalene Degradation. Washed cell experiments were used to compare the naphthalene degrading abilities of B. megaterium (both unselected and selected with naphthalene), B. subtilis, and transformants which showed degradative ability in the screenmg tests. Washed cells were prepared as described above and suspended at a concentration of 25 mg (Experiment 1) or 6 mg (Experiment 2) of cells per milliliter of buffer. Autoclaved cell suspensions were used as controls and account for all possible fates of the naphthalene other than metabolism. 

Zinc Chloride Hydrocracking—Batch Autoclave Work. All tests were made in a 316 stainless steel, 300-ml rocking autoclave. The equipment, the product work-up, analytical and calculational procedures used are all identical to those previously described (1). A constant hydrogen partial pressure was used in each run by monitoring it with a palladium-silver alloy probe within the authoclave. The sensitivity of the probe response was increased as compared with prior work by heat treating at... 

Preparation of the Standard Curve Dilute the Folic Acid Stock Solution with water to a measured volume such that after incubation, as described below, response at the 5.0-mL level of this solution is equivalent to a titration volume of 8 to 12 mL. This concentration is usually 1 to 4 ng of folic acid per mL but can vary with the culture used in the assay. Designate this solution as the Folic Acid Working Standard Solution. To duplicate test tubes, addO.O (for uninoculated blanks), 0.0 (for inoculated blanks), 1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0, and 5.0 mL, respectively, of the Folic Acid Working Standard Solution. Add water to each tube to make a final volume of 5.0 mL. Add 5.0 mL of the Basal Medium Stock Solution to each tube, and mix. Cover the tubes suitably to prevent bacterial contamination, and sterilize by heating in an autoclave at 121° for 10 min. Cool tubes rapidly to keep color formation to a minimum. 

This connecting tube is warmed with a hot wet towel until it is hot to the touch, and then the valve of the autoclave (A) is opened (Fig. 25a). The hot alkyl chloride is drawn into the autoclave by the vacuum, and the valve is closed after a few seconds. Tests have shown that at least 98 per cent of the alkyl chloride enters the autoclave under these conditions. The alkyl chloride tube, which is not now under pressure, is removed and the autoclave is heated in an oil bath as described above. 

The objectives of the process design and optimisation stages of product development have been discussed in chapter 8, Product Optimisation . For ophthalmic products, like parenterals, process development can be quite challenging because the formulation must be manufactured sterile. Quite often, it is discovered that some formulations cannot withstand a stressful sterile process such as autoclaving. Chemical degradation or changes to the formulation properties of multiphase systems, such as suspensions and gels, can occur. In all cases, the compendial sterility test requirements described in the various pharmacopoeias must be complied with. 

The most convenient gradient coil is an opposite-wound Helmholtz coil fixed on to the outside of the autoclave body. Extensive tests have been carried out " which have shown such a design is superior—in terms of its reproducibility of pulsed field gradients—to both quadrupole coils and Helmholtz coils wound on the inside of the autoclave. In order to generate these higher pressures, commercial 1 GPa equipment may still be used. However, a different pressurizing medium from that described previously is employed. Either... 

As described in chapter 3.1 1ST and ITA already tested alternative ways to bring the B-staged prepreg inside of the concrete into the C-stage (Fig. 7). Thus, there is no further need to use a mould or autoclave process at all. This saves expenses. UV-, microwave or heat-curing systems are not favored by ISF and ITA, because cost intensive equipment would be needed as well as workers who have to deal with it on the construction side. 

Autoclavable sugars Glucose (dextrose) and galactose are prepared as a 2% (wt/vol) solution in yeast extract broth described above. When fully solubilized, transfer 10 mL to capped test tubes. 

Agar deeps are prepared in the same manner as described for slants except that upon completion of sterilization, tubes are left vertical, rather than slanted, until agar has solidified. In this case, approximately 20 mL of agar is added to each screw-cap test tube prior to autoclaving. 

A corrosion test for steam resistant optical fiber cable was developed 30.2 cm long samples are cut from the cable and 7.6 cm of the outer polyethylene jacket is removed from the middle of the sample. The ends of these cable samples are closed with rubber stoppers. The cable samples are exposed to wet, salty sand in an autoclave for 60 days at 130°C. The test and the requirements for evaluation of the test results are described in TA-NWT-0011322 [16]. 

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