Aspect defined

P Junhou and R A Shenoi, Examination of key aspects defining the performance characteristics of out-of-plane joints in FRP marine structures . Composites 1996 27A 89-103. 

System specific testing verification of aspects defined within the... 

Part One The accident situation and system have to be analysed for safety factors using the four aspects defined in the accident tetrahedron - exposure, assets, hazards and system response to the initiation of an accident. Evidence may be presented in tabular form or referenced to specific reports. The assessment and review methods should be recorded (including duration and participants), as it is likely that the evidence compiled in each aspect, may not be of equal volume. Every accident situation should have contributions in each area, any absence should be viewed as falling short of completeness. 

An important aspect defining the mechanical behaviour of NR based polar synthetic rubber blend vulcanizates is the mechanical response of the individual components and the interphase involved, influenced by the curative (and filler) distribution. The synergetic action of the blend phases escalates the ability of... 

The various aspects defined above are mostly weaved at two shared join points, namely send() and receive(). Each aspect executes an elementary action. Their correct composition implements the expected client behavior (cf. 3.3). 

Gas-phase reactions play a fundamental role in nature, for example atmospheric chemistry [1, 2, 3, 4 and 5] and interstellar chemistry [6], as well as in many teclmical processes, for example combustion and exliaust fiime cleansing [7, 8 and 9], Apart from such practical aspects the study of gas-phase reactions has provided the basis for our understanding of chemical reaction mechanisms on a microscopic level. The typically small particle densities in the gas phase mean that reactions occur in well defined elementary steps, usually not involving more than three particles. 

How are fiindamental aspects of surface reactions studied The surface science approach uses a simplified system to model the more complicated real-world systems. At the heart of this simplified system is the use of well defined surfaces, typically in the fonn of oriented single crystals. A thorough description of these surfaces should include composition, electronic structure and geometric structure measurements, as well as an evaluation of reactivity towards different adsorbates. Furthemiore, the system should be constructed such that it can be made increasingly more complex to more closely mimic macroscopic systems. However, relating surface science results to the corresponding real-world problems often proves to be a stumbling block because of the sheer complexity of these real-world systems. 

Compared witii other direct force measurement teclmiques, a unique aspect of the surface forces apparatus (SFA) is to allow quantitative measurement of surface forces and intermolecular potentials. This is made possible by essentially tliree measures (i) well defined contact geometry, (ii) high-resolution interferometric distance measurement and (iii) precise mechanics to control the separation between the surfaces. 

We now consider the connection between the preceding equations and the theory of Aharonov et al. [18] [see Eqs. (51)-(60)]. The tempting similarity between the structures of Eqs. (56) and (90), hides a fundamental difference in the roles of the vector operator A in Eq. (56) and the vector potential a in Eq. (90). The fomrer is defined, in the adiabatic partitioning scheme, as a stiictly off-diagonal operator, with elements (m A n) = (m P n), thereby ensuring that (P — A) is diagonal. By contiast, the Mead-Truhlar vector potential a arises from the influence of nonzero diagonal elements, (n P /i) on the nuclear equation for v), an aspect of the problem not addressed by Arahonov et al. [18]. Suppose, however, that Eq. (56) was contracted between (n and n) v) in order to handle the adiabatic nuclear dynamics within the Aharonov scheme. The result becomes... 

Patent databases are therefore integrated databases because facts, text, tables, graphics, and structures are combined. In patents that include chemical aspects (mostly synthesis or processing), the chemical compounds are often represented by Markush structures (see Chapter 2, Section 2.7.1). These generic structures cover many compound families in a very compact maimer. A Markush structure has a core structure diagram with specific atoms and with variable parts (R-groups), which are defined in a text caption. The retrieval of chemical compounds from Markush structures is a complicated task that is not yet solved completely satisfactorily. 

The term theoretical chemistry may be defined as the mathematical description of chemistry. The term computational chemistry is generally used when a mathematical method is sufficiently well developed that it can be automated for implementation on a computer. Note that the words exact and perfect do not appear in these definitions. Very few aspects of chemistry can be computed exactly, but almost every aspect of chemistry has been described in a qualitative or approximately quantitative computational scheme. The biggest mistake a computational chemist can make is to assume that any computed number is exact. However, just as not all spectra are perfectly resolved, often a qualitative or approximate computation can give useful insight into chemistry if the researcher understands what it does and does not predict. 

You can use the information obtained from semi-empirical calculations to investigate many thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of chemical processes. Energies and geometries of molecules have clear relation ships to chemical ph en om ena. 0ther quan tities, like atomic charges and Frontier Orbitals, are less defined but provide useful qualitative results. 

The advantages of INDO over CNDO involve situations where the spin state and other aspects of electron spin are particularly important. For example, in the diatomic molecule NH, the last two electrons go into a degenerate p-orbital centered solely on the Nitrogen. Two well-defined spectroscopic states, S" and D, result. Since the p-orbital is strictly one-center, CNDO results in these two states having exactly the same energy. The INDO method correctly makes the triplet state lower in energy in association with the exchange interaction included in INDO. 

The words basic concepts" in the title define what I mean by fundamental." This is the primary emphasis in this presentation. Practical applications of polymers are cited frequently—after all, it is these applications that make polymers such an important class of chemicals—but in overall content, the stress is on fundamental principles. Foundational" might be another way to describe this. I have not attempted to cover all aspects of polymer science, but the topics that have been discussed lay the foundstion—built on the bedrock of organic and physical chemistry—from which virtually all aspects of the subject are developed. There is an enormous literature in polymer science this book is intended to bridge the gap between the typical undergraduate background in polymers—which frequently amounts to little more than occasional relevant" examples in other courses—and the professional literature on the subject. 

Flavor has been defined as a memory and an experience (1). These definitions have always included as part of the explanation at least two phenomena, ie, taste and smell (2). It is suggested that in defining flavor too much emphasis is put on the olfactory (smell) and gustatory (taste) aspects (3), and that vision, hearing, and tactile senses also contribute to the total flavor impression. Flavor is viewed as a division between physical sense, eg, appearance, texture, and consistency, and chemical sense, ie, smell, taste, and feeling (4). The Society of Flavor Chemists, Inc, defines flavor as "the sum total of those characteristics of any material taken in the mouth, perceived principally by the senses of taste and smell and also the general senses of pain and tactile receptors in the mouth, as perceived by the brain" (5). 

Whereas standpipes have been ia operation for many years, many aspects of their operation are not well understood. The purpose of a standpipe is to transfer soHds from a region of low pressure to a region of higher pressure. In a properly operating standpipe of Group A soHds, the soHds are moving downward at a relative gas—soHds velocity greater than /e. The relative gas soHds velocity, H, is defined as... 

The growth of animals can be defined as an increase in mass of whole body, tissue(s), organ(s), or ceU(s) with time. This type of growth can be characterized by morphometric measurements eg, skeletal muscle or adipose tissue growth can be described by observing temporal changes in ceU number, ie, hyperplasia, and ceU size, ie, hypertrophy. Growth also includes developmental aspects of function and metaboHsm of cells and tissues from conception to maturity. 

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