As affected

This property should also be within precise limits. In fact, a too-viscous fuel increases pressure drop in the pump and injectors which then tends to diminish the injection pressure and the degree of atomization as well as affecting the process of combustion. Inversely, insufficient viscosity can cause seizing of the Injection pump. 

Eig. 5. Pressure drop as affected by resin type, flow rate, and temperature, where A, B, and C, correspond respectively to acryUc strong base anion exchanger (Amberlite IRA-458), styrenic strong base anion exchanger (Amberlite IRA-402), and styrenic strong acid cation exchanger (Amberlite IR-120), all at 4°C. D represents styrenic strong acid cation resin (Amberlite IR-120) at 50°C (14). To convert kg/(cm -m) to lb/(in. -ft), multiply by 4.33 to convert... 

Fig. 6. Bed expansion as affected by resin type, flow rate, and temperature, where A represents a strong base styrenic resin in the CF form at 4°C, and B...

Fig. 4. Dyeing chaiacteiistics as affected by various blocking groups. Water solubility decreases washfastness and affinity increase.

The balance between animal and plant life cycles as affected by the solubiHty of carbon dioxide ia the earth s water results ia the carbon dioxide content ia the atmosphere of about 0.03 vol %. However, carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere seems to be increa sing as iacreased amounts of fossil fuels are burned. There is some evidence that the rate of release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere may be greater than the earth s abiHty to assimilate it. Measurements from the U.S. Water Bureau show an iacrease of 1.36% ia the CO2 content of the atmosphere ia a five-year period and predictions iadicate that by the year 2000 the content may have iacreased by 25% (see Airpollution). 

Gra.nula.r Compositions. Granular compositions of UF reaction products are divided into three classes, each based on their degree of water solubihty as affected by their polymer distributions, ie, ureaform, the least water-soluble class methylene ureas and methylene diurea/dimethylene triurea (MDU/DMTU) compositions, the shortest-chain MU oligomers and the most water-soluble. 

Fig. 6. The minimum radius over which ahoy strip can be formed in bending without failure, normalised by thickness (MBR/1) for ahoys C510 and C725 as affected by increasing strength (temper) where (—) represents orientation of bending relative to the rolling direction of strip, ie, goodway (longitudinal),...

TABLE 11-9 Thermal Properties of Various Materials as Affecting Conductive Heat Transfer... 

Fig, 10. Activation entropy requireinents by reacting position as affected by previous substitutions based on Zavitsas [80], As the activation entropy becomes more negative, steric demands on the transition state are more stringent. The effect of previous or/ho-substitution on reaction at the para position is hard to explain, in light of both the reciprocal effect of para substitution on ortho and the effect seen with the d -oriho pre-substitution. 

A design based on the enclosure open-area control velocity does not consider all the other variables listed as affecting dust control. Calculation procedures to predict many of the other variables would be very complicated if not impossible to perform. Physical modeling of the problem and solution w as therefore used as the basic design tool. 

The nucleophilic substitution of quinoline as affected by cationiza-tion and hydrogen bonding is discussed in Section II, C, by the leaving group and other substituents in Sections II, D and II, E, respectively, and in Section III, A, 2, and by the nucleophile in Section II, F. 

Flow Behavior of Polymer Blends as Affected by Interchain Crosslinking... 

First and foremost these venting ducts should be as straight as possible, with few, if any elbows, and even these should be sw eeping bends. There should be no valves of any type to keep flow resistance as low as possible, as this creates friction that creates backpressure on the relief de ice and raises burst conditions, which can be terribly dangerous. Figure 7-66 and 7-67 are used to assess the increased pressure due to ducts on relief discharge as affected by duct length. (This data is limited. See Ref. [56 and 53].)... 

This form of attack, especially as affecting copper alloys in sea water, has been widely studied since the pioneer work of Bengough and May . Impingement attack of sea water pipe and heat exchanger systems is considered in Sections 1.6 and 4.2. In such engineering systems the water flow is invariably turbulent and the thickness of the laminar boundary layer is an important factor in controlling localised corrosion. 

Fig. 3.12 Strength (U.T.S.) of two 13% Cr, martensitic steels as affected by tempering at various temperatures for 1 h following air cooling from 980°C...

The simplest form of the quasi-chemical theory that is of interest in the present connection is the first-order approximation, which considers the distribution of nearest-neighbor pairs as affected by nonzero values of the linear combination,... 

Neuroleptics or antipsychotics suppress the positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as combativeness, hallucinations and formal thought disorder. Some also alleviate the negative symptoms such as affective blunting, withdrawal and seclusiveness. Neuroleptics also produce a state of apathy and emotional indifference. Most neuroleptics block dopamine D2-receptors but some, like clozapine, also block dopamine D4-receptors or serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine2A-receptors. 

Fig. 17. Influence of bubble size on NAj as affected by interaction between bubbles (as a function of a in subreactors and for constant gas holdup), chemical reaction rates, and contact times. NAJ was calculated from Eq. (176) with c, = 1.46 x 10-7 gr-mole/cm3 D= 2.3 x 10"5 cm2/sec G> =0.064 d = 0.1 cm 0 = 2.85 sec [after Gal-Or and Hoel-scher (G5)].

Complexation of Pu is discussed in terms of the relative stabilities of different oxidation states and the "effective" ionic charge of Pu0 and Pu02+2. An equation is proposed for calculating stability constants of Pu complexes and its correlation with experimental values demonstrated. The competition between inner v outer sphere complexation as affected by the oxidation state of Pu and the pKa of the ligand is reviewed. Two examples of uses of specific complexing agents for Pu indicate a useful direction for future studies. 

Schoeninger, M.J. and DeNiro, M.J. 1984 Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 48 625-639. Schuette, S. A., Hegsted, M., Zemel, B. and Linkswiler, H.M. 1981 Renal acid, urinary cyclic AMP, and hydroxyproline excretion as affected by level of protein, sulfur amino acids and phosphorus intake. Journal of Nutrition 111 2106-2116. 

Gerstl Z, Helling CS. 1985. Fate of bound methyl parathion residues in soils as affected by agronomic practices. Soil Biol Biochem 17 667-673. 

Smith S, Willis GH, McDowell EE, et al. 1987. Dissipation of methyl parathion and ethyl parathion from cotton foliage as affected by formulation. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 39 280-285. 

Rikin, A., Blumenfeld, A. Richmond, A.E. (1976). Chilling resistance as affected by stressing environments and abscisic acid. Botanical Gazette, 137, 307-12. 

Neales, T.F., Fraser, M.S. Roksandic, Z. (1983). Carbon isotope composition of the halophyte Disphyma clavellatum (Haw.) Chinnock (Aizoaceae), as affected by salinity. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 10, 437-44. 

Blum, A. Arkin, G.F. (1984). Sorghum root growth and water-use as affected by water supply and growth duration. Field Crops Research, 9,131-42. 

Herbach, K.M. et al., Stmctnral and chromatic stability of pnrple pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus [Weher] Britton Rose) hetacyanins as affected hy the jnice matrix and selected additives. Food Res. Int., 39, 667, 2006. 

Mosshammer, M.R. et al.. Stability of yellow-orange cactns pear (Opuntiaficus-indica [L.] Mill. cv. Gialla ) betalains as affected by the jnice matrix and selected food additives. Fur. Food Res. TechnoL, 225, 21, 2007. 

Serrano, M. et al.. Maintenance of broccoli quality and functional properties during cold storage as affected by modified atmosphere packaging. Postharvest Biol. Tech-... 

Chen, B.H. and Huang, J.H., Degradation and isomerization of chlorophyll a and (3-carotene as affected by various heating and illumination treatments, Food Chem., 62, 299, 1998. 

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