Arsenic speciation chromatography

Zhang X, Cornelis R, De Kimpe J, and Mees L (1996) Arsenic speciation in serum of uraemic patients based on liquid chromatography with hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry and on-line UV photo-oxidation digestion. Anal Chim Acta 319 177-185. 

Importantly, neither arsenobetaine nor arsenocholine forms an arsine on treatment with borohydride solutions. Consequently, arsenobetaine and arsenocholine may remain undetected in samples, seawater for example, when arsines are generated and determined in an arsenic speciation analysis. The technique HPLC/ICP-MS is most suitable for the analysis of these (non-arsine-forming) compounds (49). Use of the highly sensitive ICP-MS detector allows application of small quantities of material to the chromatography column, thereby obviating possible sample matrix effects previously observed for arsenobetaine (50). 

J. M. Costa-Fernandez, F. Lunzer, R. Pereiro, N. Bordel and A. Sanz-Medel, Direct coupling of high-performance liquid chromatography to microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry via volatile-species generation and its application to mercury and arsenic speciation, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 10, 1995, 1019-1025. 

Corr, J.J. and Larsen, E.H. (1996) Arsenic speciation by liquid chromatography coupled with ion spray tandem mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 11, 1215-1224. 

Ebdon, L., Hill, S., Walton, A.R and Ward, R.W. (1988) Coupled chromatography-atomic spectrometry for arsenic speciation - a comparative study. Analyst, 113, 1159-1163. 

Chen, Z., N.I. Khan, G. Owens, et al. 2007. Elimination of chloride interference on arsenic speciation in ion chromatography inductively coupled mass spectrometry using an octopole collision/reaction system. Microchem. J. 87 87-90. 

Yokoyama et al. [4] used ion exclusion chromatography and continuous hydride atomic absorption spectrometry to study arsenic speciation in geothermal waters. Arsenic was determined in the range 0.01 to 10 mg IT1. 

There have been few elemental speciation studies in the literature involving cation-exchange chromatography (CEC) coupled to ICP-MS. A cation-exchange column was used by Larsen et al. [57,69] for arsenic speciation in several seafood sample extracts. The chromatography was optimized for the separation of arsenocholine, trimethylarsinic, trimethylarsine oxide, inorganic As, and two unknown cationic arsenic compounds. A mobile phase of 20 mM pyridinium ion, at pH 2.65, was used to perform the separation (Fig. 10.10). 

E. H. Larsen, G. Pritzl, S. H. Hansen, Arsenic speciation in seafood samples with emphasis on minor constituents an investigation using high-performance liquid chromatography with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 8 (1993), 1075-1084. 

E. Moreno, C. Camara, W. T. Cores, D. W. Bryce, P. Stockwell, Arsenic speciation in beverages by direct injection-ion chromatography-hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry, J. Autom. Met. Manag. Chem., 22 (2000), 33-39. 

S. McSheehy, Z. Mester, Arsenic speciation in marine certified reference materials. Part 1. Identification of water-soluble arsenic species using multidimensional liquid chromatography combined with inductively coupled plasma, electrospray and electrospray high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectro-metric detection, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 19 (2004), 373-380. 

K. J. Lamble, S. J. Hill, Arsenic speciation in biological samples by on-line high performance liquid chromatography - microwave digestion-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry, Anal. Chim. Acta, 334 (1996), 261-270. 

Sheppard, B.S., Camso, J.A., Heitkemper, D.T., Wolnik, K.A. Arsenic speciation by ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection. Analyst 117, 971-975 (1992)... 

Ebden and coworkers used coupled chromatography-atomic spectroscopy for arsenic speciation. Beauchemin and collaborators identified and determined arsenic species in dogfish muscle. The arsenic species were identified using liquid chromatogra-phy-inductively coupled plasma-MS, TLC and electron impact-MS. Results indicate that arsenobetaine constitutes about 84% of the arsenic present in the sample analysed. 

Sun, Y. C., Lee, Y. S., Shiah, T. L., Lee, P. L., Tseng, W. C., et al. Comparative study on conventional and low-flow nebulizers for arsenic speciation hy means of microhore liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2003, 1005, 207-213. 

Chana, B.S. and Smith, N.J. (1987). Urinary arsenic speciation by high-performance liquid chromatography/atomic absorption spectrometry for monitoring occupational exposure to inorganic arsenic. Anal. Chim. Acta 197,177-186. 

Z Slejkovec, JT van Elteren, AR Byrne. A dual arsenic speciation system combining liquid chromatography and purge and trap-gas chromatographic separation with atomic fluorescense spectrometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 358 51-60, 1998. 

Resano, M., Garcia Ruiz, E., Mihucz, V.G., Moricz, A.M., Zaray, G., Vanhaecke, F. (2007) Rapid screening method for arsenic speciation by combining thin layer chromatography and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 22,1158-1162. 

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