Arctic lakes

Stephens, G.R. 1995. Mercury concentrations in fish in a remote Canadian arctic lake. Water Air Soil Pollut. 

Kling, G.W., Kipphut, G. W. Miller, M.C. 1991. Arctic lakes and streams as gas conduits to the atmosphere Implications for tundra carbon budgets. Science, 251, 298-301. 

Figure 3. Experimental design. Diagram showing additions of nutrients and tracer amounts of 15N into the divided arctic lake, N2.

Although Cyclops is the most widespread copepod in lakes of this region (78), its diet is incompletely understood. Cyclops had the highest 15N content of all zooplankton, and in the fertilized side of the lake Cyclops was nearly one full trophic level enriched ( 3%>) above Daphnia. Thus Cyclops may function as an omnivore or a carnivore in this lake, and a second experiment was performed to address this question. Overall, these natural-abundance isotopic values are similar to the 815N values reported for zooplankton in other arctic lakes (49, 52). 

Even within the subset of boreal lakes there is probably a direct relationship between external inputs of organic matter and their importance to zooplankton (Meili, M. Fry, B. Kling, G. W. unpublished data). In the case of Lake N2 and other upland arctic lakes, thermokarst processes and active erosion of shoreline peat banks are much less important than they are in coastal plain lakes (62, 75, 103). In addition, DOC made up less of the total organic carbon in Lake N2 than it did in the humic lake studied by Hessen (72) the ratio of DIC DOC.POC in Lake N2 was 25 8 1 (Table II), whereas in the humic lake the ratio was 1.6 21 1. The lower loading rates of particulate carbon and the smaller relative amounts of DOM in Lake N2 may explain the observation that pelagic productivity depended mainly on new algal production. 

Bahr, M. J. E. Hobbie, and M. Sogin. 1996. Bacterial diversity in an arctic lake A freshwater SAR11 cluster. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 11 271-277. 

Cameron, J.N., Kostoris, J. and Penhale, P.A. (1973). Preliminary energy budget of the ninespike stickleback in an arctic lake. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 30,1179-1189. 

Pa PACE PAGES PAHO PALE PAR PARCS PBL PCM PDV PhA PIK PIRA PIRATA POC POLDER Partial pressure in the atmosphere Permafrost And Climate in Europe Pilot Analysis of Global EcoSystems Pan American Health Organization Paleoclimates of Arctic Lakes and Estuaries Photosynthetic Active Radiation Paleoenvironmental ARCtic Science Planetary Boundary Layer Parallel Climate Model Pacific Decadal Variability Phytogenic Aerosol Potsdam-Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung Petroleum Industry Research Associates Pilot Research moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon POLarization and Directionality of the Earth s Reflectances Princeton Ocean Model... 

Muir, D.C.G., Omelchenko, A., Grift, N.P., Savoie, D.A., Lockhart, W.L., Wilkinson, P., Brunskill, G.J., 1996. Spatial trends and historical deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in Canadian Midlatitude and Arctic lake sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 3609-3617. 

Stock et al. [166] identified that, in addition to the direct and indirect sources discussed above, a third route by which PFCs reach the Arctic is local contamination. PFOA, PFHpA, PFHxS and PFOS were observed in Resolute Lake in the Canadian Arctic at concentrations (up to 90 ng/L) that were nearly 60 times that observed in other, nearby Arctic lakes. The contamination of Resolute Lake was proposed to be as a result of a nearby airport wastewater input and did not appear to be widespread. 

Falconer, R.L. Bidleman, T.F Gregor, D.J. Semkin, R. Teixerra, C., Enantioselective breakdown of a-hexachlorocyclohexane in a small Arctic lake and its watershed Environ. Set Technol 1995, 29, 1297-1302. 

Tomy GT, Stern GA, Muir DCG, Lockhart L, Westrnore JB (1997) Occurrence of poly-chloro-tt-alkanes in Canadian mid-latitude and Arctic lake sediments. Organohalogen Compounds 33 220-226... 

Whalen, S. C., Alexander, V. (1986). Seasonal inorganic carbon and nitrogen transport by phytoplankton in an arctic lake. Can.J. Fish. Aquatic Sci. 43, 1177-1186. 

Hermanson M. H. (1991) Chronology and sources of anthropogenic trace metals in sediments from small, shallow arctic lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25, 2059-2064. 

Allen-Gil SM, Gubala CP, Wilson R, et al. 1997. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments and biota from four US Arctic lakes. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 33(4) 378-387. 

Wilson R, Alien-Gill S, Griffin D, et al. 1995. OrganocMorine contaminants in fish from the Arctic Lake in Alaska, USA. Sci Total Environ 160/161 511-519. 

W. Greenland ocean Austrian Alps lakes Coastal Japan Southern Ocean, Antarctica Low elev. Lakes Arctic Ocean I Coral reefs North Sea Gulf St. Lawrence n Arctic lake [ Baltic Sea... 

E. Van Donk, B. Faafeng, H.J. De Lange, D.O. Hessen (2001). Differential sensitivity to natural ultraviolet radiation among phytoplankton species in Arctic lakes (Svalbard, Norway). Plant Ecol, 154,213-223. 

Johnston CG, Kipphut GW. 1988. Microbially mediated Mn(II) oxidation in an oligotrophic arctic lake. 

Tomy GT, Stem GA, Lockhart LW, Muir DCG (1999) Occurrence of C10-C13 polychlorinated n-alkanes in Canadian midlatitude and Arctic Lake sediments. Environ Sci Technol... 

Allen-Gil SM, Gubaia CP, Landers DH, Lasorsa BK, Crecelius EA and Curtis LR (1997) Heavy metal accumulation in sediment and freshwater fish in U. S. arctic lakes. Environ Toxicol Chem 16 733-741. 

Barsdate, R.J. and Matson, W.R., 1967. Trace metals in arctic and sub-arctic lakes with reference to the organic complexes of metals. In B. Aberg and F.P. Hungate (Editors), Radioecological Concentration Processes. Pergamon Press, London, pp. 711—719. 

DA Bright, M Dodd, KJ Reimer. Arsenic in sub-arctic lakes influenced by gold mine effluent The occurrence of organoarsenicals and hidden arsenic. Sci Total Environ 180 165-181, 1996. 

Cornwell, J. C., 1986. Diagenetic trace-metal profiles in Arctic lake sediments. Envir. Sci. Technol. 20 299-303. 

Muir, D. C. G., N. P. Grift, W. L. Lockhart, P. Wilkinson, B. N. Billeck G. J. Brunskill, 1995. Spatial trends and historical profiles of organochlorine pesticides in Arctic lake sediments. Sd. Total Environ. 160/161 447-457. 

Sauer, P. E., G. H. Miller J. T. Overpeck, 2001b. Oxygen isotope ratios of organic matter in arctic lakes as a palcoclimate proxy field and laboratory investigations. J. Paleolim. 25 43-64. 

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