Applied fabrics

J. D. Me Kenna, J. C. Mycock, and W. O. Lipscomb, "Applying Fabric Filtration to Coal Fired Industrial Boilers A Pilot Scale Investigation,"... 

Figure 2 Dog-bone-shaped tensile specimen and typical test results of applied fabrics (0°-direction).

When applying fabric filters, condensation problems need to be prevented. Condensation may cause a deposition of dust, clogging and/or a tearing of the filter. The addition of cooling water to the sand needs to be done in a controlled way in order to minimise steam formation. The dew point of the airflow may be increased through heating with gas burners. 

Uses Surfactant, conditioner for cosmetics, hair and skin care prods. conditioner, softener, emollient, emulsifier in pharmaceuticals coemulsifier antistat for textiles and other applies. fabric softener for nat. and syn. fibers surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops in cellophane for food pkg. 

Frydrych et al. [45] examined the relationship between drape eoefficient and mechanical properties of fabric. They found the correlation between the values of drape coefficient, and the values of the mechanical properties influencing formability viz. initial tensile modulus, bending rigidity, on the basis of experiment carried out. It was observed that influence of applied fabric weaves and their weight (W) on the fabric drape was significant, whereas the influence of fabric thickness (T) was not observed. The major mechanical properties influencing fabric drape are initial tensile modulus, shear rigidity and fabric formability. 

There are several proeesses that are currently available to apply a fabric surface material to the top of a plastic enclosure part. The existing proeesses include 1) hand-applied techniques, 2) post-molding application of the fabric to the parts, and 3) in-mold application of the fabric to the parts. Other proeesses that apply fabrics to the surfaces of large parts also exist, but these techniques... 

Geankoplis [54] fabricated a porous medium for which the values of K, and are known a priori. This was accomplished by sealing a bundle of identical parallel cylindrical capillary tubes between the two chambers of a Wlcke-Kallenbach apparatus. Then the relevant flux relations are those which apply to a single cylindrical capillary, rather than a porous medium, and these are obtained by setting... 

L First manufacturing use of chemically amplified resists Plasma-developed resist first described X-ray proximity lithography demonstrated Bis-azide rubber resists introduced DNO-novolac resist for microelectronics introduced Photoresist technology first applied to transistor fabrication DNO-novolac resist patented by Kalle... 

As binders for fiherfill and nonwovens, the emulsions are applied to a loose web or mat, then heated to form a film that sticks the loose fibers together. Polyester (188—191), glass (192), and rayon (193) mats are bonded in this manner for a variety of end uses including quilting, clothing, disposable diapers and towels, filters, and roofing (see Nonwoven fabrics). 

Fig. 4. Diffusion bonding process (a) apply metal foil and cut to shape, (b) lay up desired pHes, (c) vacuum encapsulate and heat to fabrication temperature, (d) apply pressure and hold for consoHdation cycle, and (e) cool, remove, and clean part.

In knife-over-roll or blade coating, the coating material is placed on the fabric surface behind a knife, or doctor blade, and metered according to the gap set between the blade and the fabric surface. This method is used to apply thick coatings of highly viscous materials such as pastes, plastisols, or foams. 

The present invention provides a wheel cover which improves the aerodynamic properties of the hub-rim-spoke wheels. The wheel cover of the present invention is preferably made of a light weight synthetic or natural polymer, fabric or paper film which is adhesively applied to a wheel through simple manual application. In turn, the aerodynamic wheel cover of the present invention may also be easily removed and replaced to allow on-road repairs of spoke, hub, or rim. 

Both fiber producers and fabric mills have realized that many of the performance variants that are difficult to iacorporate iato fiber melt spinning can be accompHshed by post-treating yams or fabrics. Mills ia the 1990s can apply flame retardants, softeners, dye-fade inhibitors, and stain- and soil-resisting agents as part of the finishing of a fabric. 

The ease of hydrolysis of a DMEU-treated fabric has been used to produce bicolored cotton fabrics. This was accompHshed by applying a thickened DMEU solution in a print configuration to the pile of fabric, curing the resin, and dyeing the fabric. The DMEU-treated areas resisted dyeing because of the cross-links. Subsequendy, the DMEU-crosslinks were removed via an acid hydrolysis and the entire fabric was overdyed to achieve the desired bicolored effect (69). 

Several factors were utilized in bringing formaldehyde release down. In particular, resin manufacturer executed more careful control of variables such as pH, formaldehyde content, and control of methylolation. There has also been a progressive decrease in the resin content of pad baths. The common practice of applying the same level of resin to a 50% cotton—50% polyester fabric as to a 100% cotton fabric was demonstrated to be unnecessary and counter productive (89). Smooth-dry performance can be enhanced by using additives such as polyacrylates, polyurethanes, or siUcones without affecting formaldehyde release. 

The proper methods for measuring fabric thickness are described in ASTM D1777. Because fabric thickness is dependent on the appHed pressure, any measurement of thickness should also report the pressure at which the measurement was made. Thus, an apparatus capable of applying variable pressure to the sample while determining thickness would be desirable. Many instmments, however, allow only incremental increases in pressure, depending on the weight used. Regardless of the instmment used, it is always necessary to state the pressure under which the thickness was deterrnined. 

Standard Test Methods for Tire Yarns, Cords, and Woven Fabrics. ASTM standard D885M-94 includes test methods for characterizing tire cord twist, break strength, elongation at break, modulus, tenacity, work-to-break, toughness, stiffness, growth, and dip pickup for industrial filament yams made from organic base fibers, cords twisted from such yams, and fabrics woven from these cords that are produced specifically for use in the manufacture of pneumatic tires. These test methods apply to nylon, polyester, rayon, and aramid yams, tire cords, and woven fabrics. 

The principal solution to fabrication difficulties is copolymerization. Three types of comonomers are commercially important vinyl chloride acrylates, including alkyl acrylates and alkyimethacrylates and acrylonitrile. When extmsion is the method of fabrication, other solutions include formulation with plasticizers, stabilizers, and extmsion aids plus applying improved extmsion techniques. The Hterature on vinyHdene chloride copolymers through 1972 has been reviewed (1). 

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