Applications drug analysis

R. H. Liu and D. E. Gadzala, Handbook of Drug Analysis Applications in Forensic and Clinical Laboratories, Oxford University Press, New York (1997). 

Afzelius, L., Arnby, C.H., Broo, A., Carlsson, L., Isaksson, C., Jurva, U., Kjellander, B., Kolmodin, K., Nilsson, K., Raubacher, F. and Weidolf, L. (2007) State-of-the-art tools for computational site of metabolism predictions comparative analysis, mechanistical insights, and future applications. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 39 (1), 61-86. 

The various theoretical and practical aspects of the use of HPLC methods have been recently discussed in exquisite books, such as the application of HPLC-MS in drug analysis [59], the theory of chromatography [60], the fundamentals of chromatography [61, 62], the practice and theory of ion-chromatography [63], problem solving in HPLC [64], the... 

Kueh AJ, Marriott PJ, Wynne PM, Vine JH. 2003. Application of comprehensive two-dimensioiml gas chromatography to drugs analysis in doping control. J Chromatogr A 1000 109. 

This chapter illustrates possible applications of capillary electrophoresis in impurity profiling. Due to the large peak capacity of the technique, it is extremely well suited to separate the main drug compound from its possible impurities that often have a very related chemical structure. Moreover, the high efficiencies obtained, as well as the low reagent consumption make it a viable alternative to liquid chromatography in many cases of drug analysis. 

Dedicated applications of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled to MS are discussed, particularly in the field of drug analysis. Development of other capillary-based electrodriven separation techniques such as non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) hyphenated with MS are also treated. The successful coupling of these electromigration schemes with MS detection provides an efficient and sensitive analytical tool for the separation, quantitation, and identification of numerous pharmaceutical, biological, therapeutic, and environmental compounds. 

Smyth, W. F. (2006). Recent applications of capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry in drug analysis. Electrophoresis 11, 2051—2062. 

Debouck, C. Goodfellow, P. (1999). DNA microarrays in drug discovery and development. Nature Genet. 21, 48-50. Gabig, M. Wegrzyn, G. (2001). An introduction to DNA chips principles, technology, applications and analysis. Acta Biochim. Polon. 48(3), 615-622. 

Automation in the Clinical Laboratory Biosensor Design and Fabrication Capillary Electrophoresis in Clinical Chemistry DNA Arrays Preparation and Application Drugs of Abuse, Analysis of Molecular Biological Analyses and Molecular Pathology in Clinical Chemistry Nucleic Acid Analysis in Clinical Chemistry Phosphorescence, Fluorescence, and Chemiluminescence in Clinical Chemistry Product Development for the Clinical Laboratory... 

A review of capillary electrophoresis applications in pharmaceutical analysis was published in 1993, and the goal of this chapter is to provide an update on the various disciplines within the technique and includes selected applications. Recent developments in the areas of capillary technology, instrumentation, and detection will be reviewed here. Useful strategies for method development involving several classes of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology products will be addressed. The formats within capillary electrophoresis have evolved to such an extent that this chapter is not comprehensive in scope. Therefore, the reader will be directed to other reviews on the various aspects of capillary electrophoresis. Of particular interest to many separation scientists may be a special issue of an Applied Biosystems Newsletter, which addresses the future role of CE, method development in CE, and selected applications in the area of drug analysis and protein separations [7]. 

Electrospray ionization (ESI), a very powerful MS ionization mode, has been coupled with liquid chromatography becoming a popular tool in biomolecular analysis and drug analysis applications [1], Use of HPLC or ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with a mass spectrometry through the interface—ESI has become a powerful and routinely used analytical tool for many fields in scientific research, pharma industry, healthcare, and clinical diagnostic applications. 

Kauert, G. F., Drug analysis in hair samples applications and experiences with a new rapid analytical procedure, Z. Rechtsmed., 40, 229, 1993. 

Trace, Ultratrace and Surface Analysis 457 9.12.1 Pharmaceutical Applications and Analysis of Drugs... 

HPCE has been applied to the analysis of drugs and pharmaceuticals (Altria, 1993). In fact, determinations of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations represent one of the most rapidly growing areas for HPCE. In addition, pharmaceutical drug analysis is the starting point for the application of HPCE in forensic toxicology and the forensic sciences (Thormann et al., 1994). 

Figure 5.5 Application of UV/visible spectrophotometry in drug analysis and quantification.

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