Obstructive appendicitis

Laxatives are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity and those with persistent abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting of unknown cause or signs of acute appendicitis, fecal impaction, intestinal obstruction, or acute hepatitis. These dragp are used only as directed because excessive or prolonged use may cause dependence. Magnesium hydroxide is used cautiously in patients with any degree of renal impairment. Laxatives... 

Amylase enters the blood largely via the lymphatics. An increase in hydrostatic pressure in the pancreatic ducts leads to a fairly prompt rise in the amylase concentration of the blood. Neither an increase in volume flow of pancreatic juice nor stimulation of pancreatic enzyme production will cause an increase in senm enzyme concentration. Elevation of intraductal pressure is the important determinant. Stimulation of flow in the face of obstruction can, however, augment the entry of amylase into the blood, as can disruption of acinar cells and ducts. A functional pancreas must be present for the serum amylase to rise. Serum amylase determination is indicated in acute pancreatitis in patients with acute abdominal pain where the clinical findings are not typical of other diseases such as appendicitis, cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, vascular disease or intestinal obstruction. In acute pancreatitis, the serum amylase starts to rise within a few hours simultaneously with the onset of symptoms and remains elevated for 2 to 3 days after which it returns to normal. The peak level is reached within 24 hours. Absence of increase in serum amylase in first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms is evidence against a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (76). 

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Enteric infections Inflammatory bowel diseases Pancreatitis Appendicitis Cholecystitis Biliary colic Gastroparesis Postvagotomy syndrome Intestinal pseudo-obstruction Functional dyspepsia Gastroesophageal reflux Peptic ulcer disease Hepatitis Peritonitis Gastric malignancy Liver failure... 

Hypersensitivity to any ingredient nausea, vomiting, or other symptoms of appendicitis fecal impaction intestinal obstruction undiagnosed abdominal pain patients who require a low galactose diet (lactulose). 

Contraindications Abdominal pain, appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, nausea, undiagnosed rectal bleeding, vomiting... 

Contraindications Abdominal pain, dysphagia, nausea, partial bowel obstruction, symptoms of appendicitis, vomiting... 

When downward-draining formulas are used to treat acute abdominal syndromes, such as acute intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, cholecystitis and pancreatitis, it is also important to remember that these herbs are only suitable for certain periods in the whole pathological process of the disease, or certain types of disorder. These formulas should only be prescribed by doctors after modern medical examination. 

Chi Shao Yao is sour, bitter and slightly cold. It is characterized by reducing the excess heat in the blood and regulating the blood circulation. It can also reduce swelling and pain and is often used in formulas to treat abscesses, furunculosis, appendicitis, intestinal obstruction and dysmenorrhea. It can be used topically to treat pain and swelling due to trauma. 

Oral barium sulfate is theoretically non-toxic, but constipation and abdominal pain are not uncommon after barium meals or barium enemas (1). The main risk is that collections of barium wiU remain in the colon they can persist for 6 weeks or longer in elderly patients or cases of colonic obstruction barium fecoliths may even have to be removed surgically. Prolonged stasis of barium can occur after a barium enema into the distal loop of a colostomy. Residues in the appendix have caused appendicitis. Toxic dilatation of the colon can be aggravated by barium sulfate. 

Baroliths are rare complications of barium contrast examinations and are usually seen in colonic diverticula. They are often asymptomatic but may be associated with abdominal pain, appendicitis, and bowel obstruction or perforation. A case of ileal obstruction by a barolith has been reported (12)... 

Antacids Severe renal impairment appendicitis or symptoms of appendicitis, ileostomy, intestinal obstruction. 

Laxatives Appendicitis, undiagnosed rectal bleeding, congestive heart failure, intestinal obstruction, hypersensitivity, colostomy, ileostomy. 

Pancreatitis, any cause (P-AMY T) Pancreatic trauma (P-AMYT) Biliary tract disease (P-AMYT) - Intestinal obstruction (PtAMYT) Mesenteric infarction (P-Alv4Y(t Perforated peptic ulcer (P-AMYiT) Gastritis, duodenitis (P-AMY ) Ruptured aortic aneurysm Acute appendicitis Peritonitis Trauma... 

Indications 1) Yangming bowel repletion patterns, 2) heat binding circumfluence, and 3) interior heat repletion patterns of heat inversion. Acute pneumonia, typhoid, flus, measles, meningitis, hypertension, tetanus, beriberi, habitual constipation, appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, acute abdominal pain, neurosis, food poisoning, obesity, dysentery, hemorrhoids... 

Indications Shao yin disease, four counterflows patterns (i.e., cold extremities due to the liver failing to course and discharge heat). Gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholecystitis, gallstones, hepatitis, intercostal neuralgia, biliary ascariasis, hernia, acute appendicitis, pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, allergic colitis, neurotic diarrhea, pleurisy, rhinitis, tubercular peritonitis, neurosis, epilepsy, mastitis, and fibrocystic breasts... 

Mebendazole, albendazole, and pyrantel pamoate (antiminth, others) are preferred drugs all infected persons should be treated. Mebendazole and albendazole are preferred for therapy of asymptomatic-to-moderate ascariasis. Both compounds should be used with caution to treat heavy Ascaris infections, alone or with hookworms. Rarely, hyperactive ascarids may migrate to cause complications such as appendicitis, biliary or intestinal obstruction, and intestinal perforation— sometimes requiring surgery. Pyrantel is safe for use in pregnancy, whereas BZAs should be avoided during the first trimester (see below). 

Severe nausea and vomiting should not be treated witii antiemetic dru alonei The cause of the vomiting must be investigated. Antiemetic dni may hamper die di nosis of disorders such as brain tumors, appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, or drug toxicity (eg, digitalis toxicity). Delayed di iosis of any of tiiese disorders could have serious consequences for the patient. 

Laxatives should be avoided if there is any question that the patient has an intestinal obstruction, severe abdominal pain, or symptoms of appendicitis, ulcerative colitis, or diverticulitis. Most laxatives stimulate peristalsis. Laxative abuse from chronic use of laxatives is a common problem, especially with the elderly. Dependence can become a problem. 

Internal use of aloe latex is contraindicated in persons with the following conditions intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain of unknown origin, or any inflammatory condition of the intestines (i.e., appendicitis, colitis, Crohn s disease, irritable bowel syndrome) (Bensky et al. 2004 Bradley 1992 Chadha 1988 Roth et al. 1984 Weiss and Meuss 2001 Wichtl 2004) melanosis coli hemorrhoids (Bradley 1992 Felter and Lloyd 1898 List and Horhammer 1973 Roth et al. 1984) liver... 

Types of Enema Therapies 43 Appendicitis 46 Appendicitis Imaging 47 Small Bowel Obstruction 56 Midgut Volvulus 58 Meckel s Diverticulum 59 Enteritis 60... 

Epidemiologic studies reveal that the lifetime risk of appendicitis is 8.6% for males and 6.7% for females. The lifetime risk of appendectomy is 12.0% for males and 23.1% for females (Addiss et al. 1990). These data stress the social and economic impact of appendicitis and the need to improve the diagnosis. The pathogenesis of appendicitis is conditioned by the speciflc cul-de-sac anatomy of the appendix being prone to develop ectasia, fecalith formation, obstruction and/or infection followed by ischemia, necrosis and perforation (Gray and Ashley 1986). 

Besides perforated appendicitis and intussusception, the most common causes of small howel obstruction are incarcerated hernias and adhesions. Other causes of small bowel obstruction comprise a miscellaneous group of rare conditions, such as midgut volvulus, Meckel s diverticulum, advanced stages of Crohn s disease, and bezoars. Adhesions usually result from prior surgery and are often multiple. There is an increasing tendency for initial conservative management rather than immediate operative intervention, as a proportion of cases will resolve spontaneously. 

Hahn H, Hoepner F, Kalle T, et al. (1997) Appendicitis in childhood (German). Radiologe 37 454-458 Hajivassiliou CA (2003) Intestinal obstruction in neonatal/ pediatric surgery. Semin Pediatr Surg 12 241-253 Hayakawa K, Hamanaka Y, Suzuki M et al (2003) Radiological findings in total colon aganglionosis and allied disorders. Radiat Med 21 128-134... 

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