Antimicrobial Antiseptic properties

Cinnamon is believed to have antispasmodic, carminative, orexigenic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, refrigerant, and anthelmintic properties. It is used for anorexia, intestinal colic, infantile diarrhea, common cold, influenza, and specifically for flatulent colic and dyspepsia with nausea. Cinnamon bark is also an astringent, and cinnamon oil is reported to possess carminative and antiseptic properties. 

Antiseptics and Topical AgenU - Phenyl mercuric acetate and nitromersol potentiated the in vitro and topical antimicrobial effects of hexachloro-phene and dichlorophene . Chiorhexidine has been recommended as a disinfectant for surgical instruments . It has potent in vitro activity and is stable and non-irritating. The antiseptic properties of benzothiazolyl guanidines were studied and potent in vitro activity was found . Twenty-eight 8-hydroxyquinoline esters and their chelates were synthesized and found active against E coli and aureus in vitro . The esters were more active than the chelates. Some 7-amino derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline were found to have moderate broad spectrum activity. Thiol analogs were found to be inactive and only some tin salts had any... 

A poly( -vinyl-2-pyrroHdinone)-iodine complex [25655-41-8] (PVP-iodine), has been used extensively in hospitals and elsewhere because of its germicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, and generally disinfecting properties (150). It is sold as a solution that contains about 10% available, or active, iodine and about 5% inactive iodine, in the form of iodide ion (see Disinfectants and antiseptics Industrial antimicrobial agents). 

Cassia is stated to possess carminative, antispasmodic, antiemetic, antidiarrheal, and antimicrobial properties. It has been used to treat flatulent dyspepsia, flatulent colic, diarrhea, the common cold, and especially colic or dyspepsia with flatulent distension and nausea. Cassia bark is also documented to possess astringent properties, and the oil has carminative and antiseptic characteristics. 

Myrrh has antimicrobial, astringent, carminative, expectorant, anticatarrhal, antiseptic, and vulnerary properties. Traditionally, it has been used for aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, respiratory catarrh, common cold, furunculosis, wounds and abrasions, and specifically for mouth ulcers, gingivitis, and pharyngitis. 

Antiseptic plant-derived phenols include phenol (Phe-OH, hydroxybenzene, carbolic acid), />-cresol (4-methylphenol), catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene) and pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene). Other simple phenols with antimicrobial properties include some related to benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid), namely salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), ginkgoic acid (2-hydroxy-6-(pentadec-8-enyl)benzoic acid), gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid), pyrocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) and gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). Other plant-derived phenol-related compounds include 4-methylcatechol, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-(heptadec-12-enyl)benzene, hydroquinone (1,4-dihy-droxybenzene), 1,4-dihydroxy-2-geranyl (di-isoprenyl)benzene and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (/>-anisealdehyde). 

The antimicrobial properties of the resinous exudates from twigs and leaves of Eupatorium salvia Colla were tested against 5 Gram (-) and 5 Gram (+) bacteria [200]. Comparison of the antimicrobial activities of 7-hydroxy-8(17)-labden-15 oic acid (salvic acid) and its acetate, both compounds isolated from the plant, with that of the crude extract suggested that the latter ester derivative was the major active component in the exudates. These results validate the vernacular medicinal use of Eupatorium salvia as an antiseptic agent. 

In principle, this model is considered appropriate for assessment of the barrier capabilities of a product. The panel did not receive a proposal for evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of products containing antiseptic active ingredients. 

Among various types of nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles, have great importance. Antimicrobial activity is the main feature determining the popularity of this nanometal. Sources of specialized scientific literature provide many reports on its preparation, properties, and applications in these fields of science or industry where aseptic and antiseptic effects are particularly desirable (medicine, nursing, cosmetology, optics, bioengineering, botany, construction industry, textile, and food industries) (Jung et al., 2008). 

Documented effects Preparations from raspberries improve stomach and intestine function, have antiseptic, analgesic, antipyretic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-emetic properties, and improve metabolism (Maznev 2004). Extracts of the fruits have antioxidant effects and exhibit antimicrobial properties (Kahkonen et al. 1999 Rauha et al. 2000 Puupponen-Pimia et al. 2001). Components of raspberry leaf extract exhibited relaxant activity in an in vitro gastrointestinal tissue (Rojas-Vera et al. 2002). 

Triclosan (2-hydroxy-2,4,4-trichlorodiphenyl-ether) is a lipophilic compound with antimicrobial properties. It is used in numerous personal care products, including toothpastes, antibacterial soaps, deodorant soaps, cosmetic and antiseptic products, and anti-perspirants. Showering or bathing with 2% triclosan has become a recommended regimen for the decolonization of patients whose skin is carrying meticiUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 

Simple phenols consist of an aromatic ring in which a hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxyl gronp. Their distribntion is widespread among all classes of plants. General properties of simple phenols are bactericidal, antiseptic and anthelmintic. Phenol itself is a standard for other antimicrobial agents. 

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