Antigen antigenic commonness

Table 13.3 Characterizing of tumour-associated antigens. Antigens commonly expressed by a number of different tumour types render practical application of tumour immunodetection/immunotherapy in those cases...

Antigens commonly induce the activation of T-lymphocytes of the T helper type (Th). In the case of Type IV b reactions the predominant responding cell is the Th-1 subtype. By secreting many cytokines, including... 

Atopy A genetic predisposition to develop type I hypersensitivity reactions against common environmental antigens commonly seen in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. 

There have been reports of reactions between house dust and cotton dust antibodies (38) and of allergens in cottonseed proteins by Spies et al T39). Also, byssinosis is uncommon in cottonseed crushing mills. Therefore we looked for the presence of antigens in water extracts of house dust, cottonseed hulls, cottonseed kernel proteins and clean hand picked cotton fibers that had not been baled. The results in Figure 5 indicate that house dust does not contain antigens common to those found in cotton dust. 

The adenoviruses contain at least three protein moieties, and certain types are capable of inducing one or more new host antigens, such as tumor (T) antigens, the chemistry of which is presently unknown. The viial proteins can be separated by gel diffusion and correlated with results obtained by complement fixation. One moiety is the toxic protein that causes the host cell to degenerate. Another corresponds to the group antigen common to all 31 types of adenoviruses and the third is the type-specific protein. 

CA-125 is an antigen common to most nonmucinous epithelial ovarian carcinoma and is a useful marker for ovarian cancer rising or falling CA-1 25 titers correlate with the disease extent. 

A complete blood count, chemistry profile (including liver and renal function tests), and a CA-125 assay should be performed. CA-125 is an antigen common to mostnonmucinous epithelial ovarian... 

Antigen Commonly a protein, hut any molecule perceived as being foreign to the hody. 

Enterobacterial Common Antigen (ECA). This envelope antigen common among many different genera of enterobacteria has received relatively little attention considering the potential diagnostic and prophylactic value of a common bacterial antigen. ECA can be detected in bacterial extracts by... 

The most used EIA reagents conjugate a fluotophote such as fluorescein-isothiocyanate (EITC) or thodarnine—isothiocyanate to antibody (or antigen) free amino groups. Examples of other commonly used fluotophotes for EIA and their spectral characteristics ate presented in Table 3. EIA assays ate available in sandwich and competitive formats similar to EIAs. Unlike EIA kits which can be used directly with visual color deterrnination, EIAs require a fluorometer, and thus ate primarily laboratory-based. 

Vaccines can be roughly categorized into killed vaccines and Hve vaccines. A killed vaccine can be (/) an inactivated, whole microorganism such as pertussis, (2) an inactivated toxin, called toxoid, such as diphtheria toxoid, or (J) one or more components of the microorganism commonly referred to as subunit vaccines. The examples are capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae and the surface antigen protein for Hepatitis B vims vaccine. 

Common Procedures. The general analytical scheme for immunochemical methods is rather simple. The analyte of interest, the antigen (Ag), reacts with the analytical reagent, the corresponding antibody (Ah), forming an immunochemical antigen—antibody complex ... 

These predictive methods are very useful in many contexts for example, in the design of novel polypeptides for the identification of possible antigenic epitopes, in the analysis of common motifs in sequences that direct proteins into specific organelles (for instance, mitochondria), and to provide starting models for tertiary structure predictions. 

D-Glucose is the most common sugar in Nature, and has always been found as the a- or >ff-pyranoside. The finding of -D-glucofuranosyl residues in the 0-antigen polysaccharide from" Erwinia amylovora T was therefore unexpected, and should be confirmed. 

Deoxy-L-mannose (L-rhamnose) is common, but D-rhamnose has only been found in some 0-antigens, as in that of Pseudomonas cepacia IMV 3181, which is a homopolysaccharide containing both a- and y -pyranosyl residues. 

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