Erwinia amylovora

D-Glucose is the most common sugar in Nature, and has always been found as the a- or >ff-pyranoside. The finding of -D-glucofuranosyl residues in the 0-antigen polysaccharide from" Erwinia amylovora T was therefore unexpected, and should be confirmed. 

Eeistner GJ (1995) Proferrioxamine Synthesis in Erwinia amylovora in Response to Precursor or Hydroxylysine Peeding Metabolic Profiling with Liquid Chromatography-Elecfrospray Mass Spectrometry. BioMetals 8 318... 

Apples, pears fire blight Erwinia amylovora 46-48... 

Rader et al. (1952) first found active protective fungicides among the tetra-hydropyrimidine derivatives later Nickell et al. (1961) also observed a systemic effect in some of the 2- -alkylmercapto-l,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives used to combat rust. l- -Dodecyl-2-methyl-l,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine (13) has also been applied in practice. It has proved efficient in orchards when used for the control of the disease caused by Erwinia amylovora which results in shoot withering and crown gall. 

Isolations of noformycin (10) [25] with antiviral activity [26] and an inhibitory effect towards inducible-nitric oxide synthase [27] and other iminopyrroglutamic acid derivatives 11-13 have also been reported. The latter were inhibitors towards Erwinia amylovora, a bacterium responsible for the fire light disease of apple and pear trees [28] (Figure 10.3). 

A sophisticated environment-monitoring technique, called the marker pollen technique, has been developed it provides for the sowing, in specific areas, of botanical species that are particularly appealing to bees, and which are not present in the research area. This method is being tested for the monitoring of Erwinia amylovora and may be very useful in territories characterized by a homogeneity of crops (e.g. extensive single-crop farms). 

Figure 11.26 PCR-ELISA chemiluminescent method for detection of Erwinia amylovora.

The arrival in Italy of the phytopathogenic bacteria Erwinia amylovora has shown how honey bees, branded as dangerous carriers of the microorganism, may, if wisely exploited, prove to be an excellent tool for detecting the presence of the bacteria in a certain area before the disease has a chance to manifest itself, so that prompt action may be taken to halt its progress. 

Merighi, M., Malaguti, S., Bazzi, C., Sandrini, A., Landini, S., Ghini, S. and Girotti, S. (1999). Specific detection of Erwinia amylovora by immunoenzy-matic determination of PCR products. Acta Horticult. 489, 39 2. 

Mazzucchi, U. (1992). Sintomatologia. In Atti delle Giornate di Studio sul Colpo di Fuoco da Erwinia amylovora, Bologna, 1-2 Aprile 1991 (Mazzucchi,... 

The virulence of the plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora has been correlated with the ability of the organism to produce extracellular polysaccharide. ... 

The epiphytic bacterium Erwinia amylovora is responsible for fire blight, a contagious disease that affects apples, pears, and other members of the Rosa-ceae, with disastrous results for commercial producers. A report in 2001... 

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