Angelica

Angelica is believed to possess antispasmodic, diaphoretic, expectorant, bitter aromatic, carminative, diuretic, and local anti-inflammatory properties. It is used for respiratory catarrh, psychogenic asthma, flatulent dyspepsia, anorexia nervosa, rheumatic diseases, and peripheral vascular disease. Specifically, it has been applied as a compress for pleurisy and bronchitis, especially for bronchitis associated with vascular deficiency. 

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CjHgO. M.p. 45—46 "C, b.p. ISS C. It occurs free in the roots of Angelica archangelica. When heated alone or with acids or alkalis it is converted to tigiic acid. (Z)-isomer. 

Isovaleric acid, Me2CHCH2COOH, is a colourless liquid with the unpleasant odour of valerian, b.p. 177 "C. Occurs in the roots of valerian and angelica together with an optically active form of methylethylethanoic acid. Prepared by oxidation of isoamyl alcohol. A mixture of acids similar to that obtained from valerian roots is prepared by oxidation of fusel oil. 

Unsaturated y-lactones, c.g., a- (23) and / -angelica lactone (24), are well known. Compounds 23 and 24 are both converted by alkaline catalysts into an equilibrium mixture in which 23 predominates, the amount of the hydroxy form (25) present at equilibrium being exceedingly small. True a-hydroxy furans are unknown, and, although the preparation of both a- and / -bydroxyfurans has been reported, these claims have often been refuted (see, e.g., reference 14). 

Bromo-5-methylene-2(5//)-furanone 133 was obtained from the /3-angelica lactone 129 by using mild simple methods that combine bromination and dehy-drobromination or debromination processes accomplished in a convenient order, as illustrated in Scheme 41 (94T12457). 

The reaction between the chiral furanones (/ )-/3-angelica lactone 129 (Z = H) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2(5//)-furanone 143 (Z = OH) with cyclopentadiene was... 

P. Flarmala, L. Botz, O. Sticher and R. Fliltunen, Two-dimensional planar chromatographic separation of a complex mixture of closely related coumarins from the genus Angelica, J. Planar Chromatogr. 3 515-520 (1990). 

The 2D chromatograms reveal additional components of the natural mixtures. They also give a map of the essential oil, which is helpful in the identification of the components by the position and the characteristic colours of the derivatives on the plate. A further, considerable improvement in the separation performance can be obtained by using overpressured layer chromatography (OPLC). Harmala et al. (70) used 2D OPLC for the separation of coumarins from the genus Angelica. Figure 10.15 shows the one-dimensional (a) and two-dimensional (b) OPLC separations of 16 coumarins. 

Baker and Smith have isolated from a number of eucalyptus oils, a sesquiterpene to which they have given the name aromadendrene. This compound was separated from the oil of eucalyptus nova-angelica in the dextrorotatory form, and from the oil of eucalyptus baUeyana in the laevorotatory form. The two specimens had the following characters —... 

Enge,/. narrowness closeness, tightness. Engel, m. angel, -rot, n. colcothar. -suss, n. Pharm.) polypody root, -wurz, -wurzel, /. (Pharm.) angelica. 

One of the pectic fractions from Angelica acutiloba showed potent antitumour activity, and this polymer was rich in the AG-I type structure, indicating that the 4-linked galactose units are important for this activity [40]. 

Anti-complementary activity of enzymic digestion products from the pectins of Angelica acutiloba... 

Phthalides Angelica sinensis roots SiOj Hx + MejCO — Isolation, LC-MS 71 ... 

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