Anti-complementary activity

Anti-complementary activity of enzymic digestion products from the pectins of Angelica acutiloba... 

The leaves of large plantain Plantago major L.) are used for wotmd healing in the traditional medicine. The effect might be due to biologically active polysaccharides. A pectin, PMII with anti-complementary activity has been isolated from the leaves by water extraction and ion exchange chromatography (1). 

Figure 2 (A) Effect of lithium-degradation on anti-complementary activity of PG-lc (B) Anti-complementary activity of oligosaccharide-alditols obtained from PG-lc by lithium degradation...

Van Poel, and A. J. Vlietnick. In vitro anti-complementary activity of flavo-noids from olive (Olea europaea) leaves. Pharmazie 1996 51(10) 765-768. OE063... 

Table 6. Anti-complementary Activity of Soyasaponin I, Kaikasaponin...

Table 7. Anti-complementary Activity of Various Analogs for the...

Various other oleanene glucuronides having a characteristic functional group were also tested and the structure-anti-complementary activity... 

The information that the hydroxy group at C-29 reduced activity was similar to that on the structure-hepatoprotective relationship. In contrast, the sugar moiety in the E-ring enhanced anti-complementary activity. Further, we tested some oleanolic acid-type glucuronic acids. Although bisdesmosidic saponins showed moderate anti-complementary activity, a monodesmosidic saponin (9 4) showed cyototoxicity. 

I express my appreciation to Dr. H. K. Lee of Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology for measurement of anti-complementary activity. I am grateful to Dr. K. Yokomizo and Prof. M. Uyeda in this faculty for measurement of antiherpetic activity. 

As shown in Figure 4, some preparations exhibit mitogenic activity for mouse B lymphocytes, and anti-complementary activity. Adjuvanti-city of preparation 305 has been demonstrated by Yasuda et al. (1982) using a liposomal system. 

To expand our understanding of the anti-inflammatory activity of the well-known oleanolic acid isolated from one of its best characterised sources, the seeds of Luffa cylindrica (Cucurbitaceae), a series of experiments were performed to correlate complement activity with the inflammation caused by both carrageenan and Freund s adjuvant, in presence and absence of oleanolic acid and ibuprofen, which were administered at 60 mg/kg i.p. It was concluded that the effect of this triterpenoid must be mediated by its anti-complementary activity 73]. An analogous conclusion was drawn regarding the activity of boswel ic acids in the same tests [74]. 

Another mechanism in which cucurbitacins may be implicated is the inhibition of the complement pathway. The complement system is one of the most relevant mechanisms for the initiation and amplification of the inflammatory process. There are two possible activation routes, the classical and the alternative pathways, and both can be inhibited by picfelterraenin IA, IB, IV, and VI from Picria fel-terrae, Fig. (8). The last compound, however, has shown the highest potency, with inhibitory concentration-50 (IC5o) values of 29 and 21 pM for the classical and alternative pathways, respectively. The relationship between chemical substitution and anti-complementary activity has not as yet been established, but it has been clearly demonstrated that an increase in the number of sugar moieties decreases the activity [56]. 

Hirano, M., T. Matsumoto, H. Kiyohara, and H. Yamada Lipopolysaccharide-Independent Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Activating, Mitogenic and Anti-Complementary Activities of Pectic Polysaccharides from Chinese Herbs. Planta Med., 60, 248 (1994). 

Tomoda M, Gonda R, Ohara N, Shimizu N, Shishido C, Fujiki Y (1994) A glucan having reticuloendothelial system-potentiating and anti-complementary activities from the tuber of Pinellia ternata. Biol Pharm Bull 17(6) 859-861... 

Zizyphus-arabinan a-2,5-arabinofuranan anti-complementary activity Zizyphus jujuva, fruits 1985 [18]... 

AAFIIb-2 pectin 139,000 anti-complementary activity Artemisia princeps PAMP, leaves 1985- [19-... 

CS-glucan amylopectin > 100,000 anti-complementary activity Co/x lacryma-jobi var. Ma-yuen, seeds 1986 [22]... 

LR-polysaccharide acidic heteroglycan > 500,000 anti-complementary activity Lithospermum euchromum Royle, roots 1986 [23]... 

BR-5-1 a-3,5-arabinofuranan a-(1->4)glucan complex 18,500 anti-complementary activity Bupleurum falcatum L., roots 1988 [30]... 

GL-PI rh am nogalactu ron an 50,000 anti-complementary activity Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, leaves 1988 [31]... 

AR-2lla pectin 42,000 anti-complementary activity Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa, roots 1988- [33,... 

MSL-M rhamnogalacturonan 6,000,000 (with 4-linked galactan) anti-complementary activity Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana, leaves 1989 [35]... 

BR-2llb (bupleuran 2llb) pectin (with galactan and 36,000 arabinogalactan) anti-complementary activity Fc receptor up-regulation activity Bupleurum falcatum L., 1989 [36, 92, 93]... 

CAP-1-Ilia acidic arabinogalactan 70,000 anti-complementary activity Capsicum anmuem L., fruits 1989 [37]... 

---