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And phytochemicals

The dense fluid that exists above the critical temperature and pressure of a substance is called a supercritical fluid. It may be so dense that, although it is formally a gas, it is as dense as a liquid phase and can act as a solvent for liquids and solids. Supercritical carbon dioxide, for instance, can dissolve organic compounds. It is used to remove caffeine from coffee beans, to separate drugs from biological fluids for later analysis, and to extract perfumes from flowers and phytochemicals from herbs. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide avoids contamination with potentially harmful solvents and allows rapid extraction on account of the high mobility of the molecules through the fluid. Supercritical hydrocarbons are used to dissolve coal and separate it from ash, and they have been proposed for extracting oil from oil-rich tar sands. [Pg.440]

Recent work identifying Plagiochila retrorsa Gottsche from collections made in the Azores and Madeira establishes a significant range extension for a taxon, known under several other names, which occurs in the southern Appalachian Mountains and in Costa Rica. Rycroft et al. (2001) described morphological and phytochemical characteristics of representative specimens of this liverwort. Phytochemically, P. retrorsa belongs to the 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene chemotype species (major stmctural type is that of compounds 449 and 450). [Pg.231]

Fiasson, J. L. and Gluchoff-Fiasson, K. 1994. Morphological and phytochemical relationships between Ranunculus species from lies Kerguelen. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 22 533-542. [Pg.315]

YEAGER c p, SILVER s 0, DIERENFELD E s (1997) Mineral and phytochemical influences on foliage selection by the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus). Am J Primatol. 41 117-28. [Pg.186]

Wang SY, Chang HN, Lin KT, Lo CP, Yang NS, Shyur LF. Antioxidant properties and phytochemical characteristics of extracts from Lactuca indica. J Agric Food Chem 2003 51 1506-1512. [Pg.230]

Fruits and vegetables are generally high in water and low in fat, and, in addition to vitamins and minerals, they contain significant amounts of dietary fiber (DF) and phytochemicals—mainly polyphenols and carotenoids—with significant biological properties, including antioxidant activity. [Pg.223]

The composition and physicochemical structure of DF and phytochemicals in fruit and vegetables have specific characteristics that lend this food group significant nutrition- and health-related properties. Indeed, the potential health benefits of fruit and vegetables are mainly attributed to the effects of DF and antioxidants. [Pg.223]

Nowadays there is scientific evidence that, besides plant polysaccharides and lignin, other indigestible compounds such as resistant starch, oligosaccharides, Maillard compounds, and phytochemicals—mainly polyphenols—can be considered DF constituents (Saura-Calixto and others 2000). Of these substances, resistant starch is a major constituent in cereals, whereas phytochemicals are the most important such substance in fruits and vegetables. Here, we address mainly polyphenols and carotenoids associated with DF in fruits and vegetables because of the important biological properties derived from them. [Pg.224]

Schultes, R. E., and Farnsworth, N. R. (1980) Ethnomedical, botanical and phytochemical aspects of natural hallucinogens. Botan. Museum Leaflets (Harvard University), 28 123-214. [Pg.77]

Preparation and phytochemical reduction of 2,2 -thenoin and 2,2 -thenil have been studied in the authors laboratory (20a). It has been shown that 2,2 -thenoin gives a color reaction similar to that shown by benzoin and other acyloin condensation products in- the presence of alcoholic alkali. The hydroxy ketone may be oxidized by iodine in the presence of sodium methoxide to give the diketone, 2,2 -thenil, in excellent yields. Phytochemical reduction was shown also to be applicable to both compounds. It is significant that thenoin differs from benzoin, since reduction products were not obtained enzymatically from the latter. [Pg.139]

Other examples include osteoporosis and vitamin D,28 and neural tube defects and folic acid.29 Many cancers involve genetic predispositions these, too, presumably interact with differing needs for the diverse nutrients and phytochemicals that are protective. [Pg.269]

Mateus, L., Cherkaoui, S., Christen, P., and Veuthey, J. L. (1998). Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of tropane alkaloids pharmaceutical and phytochemical applications. ]. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 18, 815-825. [Pg.307]

Ghaloner WG, Allen K, Palaeobotany and phytochemical phylogeny, in Har-bourne JB (ed.), Phytochemical Phylogeny, Academic Press, London, pp. 21—31, 1969. [Pg.122]

Finally, reference may be made to instructive publications by van Niel and Gaffron, showing a relationship between photochemical and phytochemical reductions. [Pg.117]

LT024 Zamora, J. M., and E. C. Mora. Cytotoxic, antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of Larrea tridentata Cav. Diss Abstr Int B 1985 45(12) 3809-3810. [Pg.269]

Gebre-Mariam, T., Y. Bekele, A. Hymete, and A. S. Nikoiayev. Comparative antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of some Ethiopian chewing sticks. Indian Drugs 1993 30(5) 225-229. [Pg.397]

Mandal P, Misra TK, Ghosal M. Free-radical scavenging activity and phytochemical analysis in the leaf and stem of Drymaria diandra Blume. International Journal of Integrative Biology. 2009 7(2) 80-84. [Pg.116]

Michel T, Destandau E, GLe Floch G, Lucchesi ME, Elfakir C. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and phytochemical investigations of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaf, stem, root and seed. Food Chemistry. 2012 131 754-760. [Pg.116]

Habib R, Rahman M, Mannan A, Zulfiker AH, Uddin ME, Sayeed MA. Evaluation of antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial potential and phytochemical screening of chloroform extract of Phyllanthus acidus. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 2011 2(1) 420-427. [Pg.118]

NarenderSunil Kumar, et al. Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hibiscus tiliaceus Leaves. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, (2009). [Pg.209]

We thank Dr. John R. Porter for advice on plant tissue culture and phytochemical methods and for critical reading of the manuscript. Dr. Anil D Mello for his advice concerning the development of quantitative HPLC methodology, and Jeremy Mihalov, Anne Giordano and Mila Denisova for their invaluable contributions. We gratefully acknowledge PCPS for financial support, namely the Evelyn C. [Pg.259]

Randhir R, Lin Y-T, Shetty K. 2004. Stimulation of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in dark germinated mung bean sprouts in response to peptide and phytochemical elicitors. Process Biochem 39 637-646. [Pg.47]

Johnson, W. W. (2008a). Cytochrome P450 inactivation by pharmaceuticals and phytochemicals Therapeutic relevance. Drug Metab. Rev. 40 101-147. [Pg.72]

Johnson, W. W. (2008b). Many drugs and phytochemicals can be activated to biological reactive intermediates. Curr. Drug Metab. 9 344-351. [Pg.72]

Rickard, S.E. and Thompson, L.U. 1997. Phytoestrogens and lignans Effects on reproduction and chronic disease. In Antinutrients and Phytochemicals in Foods (F. Shahidi, ed.), pp. 273-293. Oxford University Press, New York. [Pg.91]


See other pages where And phytochemicals is mentioned: [Pg.20]    [Pg.161]    [Pg.294]    [Pg.423]    [Pg.313]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.234]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.216]    [Pg.11]    [Pg.715]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.463]    [Pg.24]    [Pg.244]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.224]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.186 ]




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