And anxiety

Human Performance. Minimizing Uie sU css factor on employees is an important considcraUon. SU css can be caused by poor enviromnental conditions, bad equipment design, lack of time, faUgue, and anxiety. ... 

During COPD, the following symptoms occur, usually in the order mucus hypersecretion, ciliary dysfunction, airflow limitation, pulmonary hyperinflation, gas exchange abnormalities, pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. Acute exacerbations appear to be mainly triggered by bacteria, viruses or environmental pollutants. They lead to a worsening of lung functions, wasting and increased mortality their psychosocial impacts include depression and anxiety that may be associated with the will to die. 

Cessation of prolonged heavy alcohol abuse may be followed by alcohol withdrawal or life-threatening alcohol withdrawal delirium. Typical withdrawal symptoms are autonomic hyperactivity, increased hand tremor, insomnia and anxiety, and are treated with benzodizepines and thiamine. Alcoholism is the most common cause of thiamine deficiency and can lead in its extreme form to the Wernicke s syndrome that can be effectively treated by high doses of thiamine. 

NK2r antagonists. At the CNS level, the efficacy of NK2r antagonists in depression and anxiety is currently being tested. 

Relcovaptan (SR-49059) is a selective, orally active V1aR antagonist that prevents pain of primary dysmenorrhea and inhibits preterm labour and could be useful in the treatment of Raynaud s phenomenon. The selective ViBR antagonist SSR149415 showed beneficial effects in the treatment of depression and anxiety in several animal models. 

Examples some sedatives and anxiety agents, nonnarcotic analgesics... 

A patient receiving an antianxiety drug may be treated in the hospital or in an outpatient setting. Before starting therapy for the hospitalized patient, the nurse obtains a complete medical history, including mental status and anxiety level. In the case of mild anxiety, patients may (but sometimes may not) give a reliable history of their illness. 

Unsupported change prompts resistance and anxiety in the woricforce. Employees become uncertain and fearful of future change... 

Grant BF, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, et al Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61 807-816, 2004b... 

Wikler A Opioid Dependence Mechanisms and Treatment. New York, Plenum, 1980 Williams JT, Christie MJ, Manzoni O Cellular and synaptic adaptations mediating opioid dependence. Physiol Rev 81 299—343, 2001 Woody GE, O Brien CR, Rickels K Depression and anxiety in heroin addicts a placebo-controlled study of doxepin in combination with methadone. Am J Psychiatry 132 447--i50, 1975... 

Medical use of benzodiazepines has been declining. Prescribing trends show an overall decline in the number of all benzodiazepine prescriptions written, with a market shift to increased prescribing of short elimination half-life agents (lorazepam, alprazolam), compared with long-elimination half-life agents (diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) (Ciraulo et al. 2004). In 2001, alprazolam was the most widely prescribed benzodiazepine (Ciraulo et al. 2004), and it also was the most widely prescribed psychiatric medication in that year for mood and anxiety disorders (Stahl 2002). 

Degenhardt L, Lynskey MT, Hall W Cohort trends in the age of initiation of drug use in Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 24 421 26, 2000 Degenhardt L, Hall W, Lynskey MT The relationship between cannabis use, depression and anxiety among Australian adults findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 36 219— 227, 2001... 

Rates of smoking among patients with bipolar disorders and anxiety disorders (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder) are also higher than those in the general population (Lasser et al. 2000), but there has been htde smdy of the factors associated with motivation to quit smoking or of smoking cessation interventions in these patient groups. 

Ballenger JC, Davidson JRT, Lecrubier Y> et al (1998). Consensus statement on Social Anxiety Disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety. / Clin Psychiatry 59 (suppl. 17)> 54-60. 

Simon G, Ormel J, VonKorff M, et al (1995). Health care costs associated with depressive and anxiety disorders in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 152, 352—7. 

Public confidence in the safely of vaccines and immunization procedures is essential if compliance is to match the needs the community. In this respect public concern and anxiety, in the mid 1970s, over the peroeived safety of pertussis vaccine led to a reduction in coverage of the target group from ca. 80% to ca. 30%. Major epidemics of whooping-cough, with over 100000 notified cases, followed in 1977/1979 and 1981/83. By 1992, public confidence had returned, coverage had increased to 92% and there were only 4091 reported cases. 

Bremner, JD, Krystal, JH, Southwick, SM and Charney, DS (1996) Noradrenergic mechanisms in stress and anxiety. II. Clinical studies. Synapse 23 39-51. 

Coupland, N, Glue, P and Nutt, DJ (1992) Challenge tests assessment of the noradrenergic and GABA systems in depression and anxiety disorders. Molec. Aspects Med. 13 221-247. 

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