Psychosocial impact

During COPD, the following symptoms occur, usually in the order mucus hypersecretion, ciliary dysfunction, airflow limitation, pulmonary hyperinflation, gas exchange abnormalities, pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. Acute exacerbations appear to be mainly triggered by bacteria, viruses or environmental pollutants. They lead to a worsening of lung functions, wasting and increased mortality their psychosocial impacts include depression and anxiety that may be associated with the will to die. 

In a meta-analysis of the metabolic and psychosocial impact of pumps, 52 studies were found 22 were published before 1987 and 13 after 1993, the year in which the results of the DCCT were published (225). The authors stated that therefore conclusions about efficacy are not definitive. All pump malfunctions were reported before 1988. All types of changes were reported when the frequency and severity of hypoglycemia were compared with prepump times. Infection and skin irritation were expressed in different ways in the various studies. The risk of diabetic ketoacidosis fell after 1993. Most users preferred to continue pump treatment, mainly because of more flexibility, greater freedom, and improved glycemic control. 

The psychosocial impact of a disaster and the resources that will be needed to respond to the disaster can be estimated based on data from past experiences with a variety of natural and man-made disasters. Normal reactions to abnormal events include a range of distressing... 

Rehner TA, Kolbo JR, Trump R, et al Depression among victims of south Mississippi s methyl parathion disaster. Health Soc Work 25 33-40, 2000 Reko K The psychosocial impact of environmental disasters. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 33 655-661, 1984... 

The General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) (Atchison, 1997 Tubert-Jeannin et al., 2003). This 12-item questionnaire measures self-report oral functional problems together with the psychosocial impacts associated with oral disease. The maximum score is 60. A score of 57-60 corresponds to a good oral quality of life, while a score of 50 or less reflects a poor oral quality of life. 

Mitigation of Psychosocial Effects. The Chernobyl and Goiania accidents demonstrated that psychosocial impacts often outweigh the radiological health effects. Psychosocial effects are difficult to mitigate because they are primarily related to perceived risk. 

Public Instructions, Public Protective Actions, and Mitigation of Psychosocial Impacts. There is generally no need for public instruction or protective action plans for threat category III. Mitigation of psychosocial impacts is also not a consideration beyond providing timely information to counter rumors and misinformation. 

A variety of services are available both to assist with concrete tasks and to support you through the psychosocial impacts of lead poisoning, that is, the stress, guilt, frustration, and anger that can result from this kind of crisis. Parents and professionals who have experience with lead poisoning can help by listening sympathetically and can often provide helpful advice. Do not be afraid to ask for help. 

Williams R, Brody BL, Thomas R (1998) The psychosocial impact of macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 116 514-520... 

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