Amino acids digestion and

Z. Yi, E. T. Kornegay, and D. M. Denbow, Effect of microbial phytase on nitrogen and amino acid digestibility and nitrogen retention of turkey poults fed corn-soybean meal diets, Poultry Sc. 1996d, 75, 979-990. 

Mosenthin, R., Sauer, W.C. and Ahrens, F. 1994. Dietary pectin s effect on ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility and exocrin pancreatic secretions in growing pigs, J. Nutr., 124 (8) 1222-1229. 

Smiricky, M.R. C.M. Grieshop D.M. Albin J.E. Wubben V.M. Gabert G.C. Fahey, Jr. The influence of soy oligosaccharides on apparent and true ileal amino acid digestibilities and fecal consistency in growing pigs./. Anim. Sci. 2002, 80, 2433-2441. 

Mosenthin, R., Sauer, W.C., Ahrens, F., de Lange, C.F.M. and Bomholdt, U. (1992) Effect of dietary supplements of propionic acid, siliceous earth or a combination of these on the energy, protein and amino acid digestibilities and concentrations of microbial metabolites in the digestive tract of growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 37 245-255. 

T. van Kempen. NIR technology can we measure amino acid digestibility and energy values 12th Annual Carolina Swine Nutrition Conference. November 13th, 1996. 

The presence of three polypeptides in Table 5.8 tliat were not predicted from the relationship between the amino acid sequence and the enzyme used for digestion is worthy of note when interpretation of data of this sort is undertaken. The MALDI data showed six further unexpected polypeptides, none of which were detected in the LC-MS data ... 

LONGSTAFF M, MCNAB J M (1991) The inhibitory effects of hull polysaccharides and tannins of field beans (Vida faba L.) on the digestion of amino acids, starch and hpid and on digestive enzyme activities in young chicks. Br. TNutr. 65 199-216. 

Glucagon is a single-chain polypeptide of 29 amino acid residues and a molecular mass of 3500 Da. It is synthesized by the A-cells of the islets of Langerhans, and also by related cells found in the digestive tract. Like insulin, it is synthesized as a high molecular mass from which the mature hormone is releases by selective proteolysis. 

In fact, the malaria parasite has a limited capacity for de novo amino acids synthesis, and its survival is dependent upon hemoglobin proteolysis. The amino acids derived from the hydrolysis of globins are incorporated into the parasite s proteins and appear to be available for energy metabolism. This digestion of hemoglobin releases heme, which is... 

Darragh, A. J., and Moughan, P. J. (1998). The amino acid composition of human milk corrected for amino acid digestibility. Br. J. Nutr. 80,25-34. 

All human tissues are capable of synthesizing the nonessential amino acids, amino acid remodelling and conversion of non-amino-acid carbon skeletons into amino acids and other derivatives that contain nitrogen. However, the liver is the major site of metabolism of nitrogenous compounds in the body. Dietary proteins are the primary source of essential amino acids (or nitrogen). Digestion of dietary proteins produces amino acids, which are absorbed through epithelial cells and enter the blood. Various cells take up these amino acids that enter the cellular pools. 

The considerable detail to which we now can understand enzyme catalysis is well illustrated by what is known about the action of carboxypeptidase A. This enzyme (Section 25-7B and Table 25-3) is one of the digestive enzymes of the pancreas that specifically hydrolyze peptide bonds at the C-terminal end. Both the amino-acid sequence and the three-dimensional structure of carboxypeptidase A are known. The enzyme is a single chain of 307 amino-acid residues. The chain has regions where it is associated as an a helix and others where it is associated as a /3-pIeated sheet. The prosthetic group is a zinc ion bound to three specific amino acids and one water molecule near the surface of the molecule. The amino acids bound to zinc are His 69, His 196, and Glu 72 the numbering refers to the position of the amino acid along the chain, with the amino acid at the /V-terminus being number l. The zinc ion is essential for the activity of the enzyme and is implicated, therefore, as part of the active site. 

The advantages of an animal bioassay are that protein digestibility, amino acid bioavailability, and the presence of antinutritional factors can be ascertained. However, animal-based feeding studies can be difficult. First, these assays are expensive to conduct and time-consuming. Secondly, these assays require animals... 

AM Rowan, PJ Moughan, MN Wilson. Effect of hydrolysis time on the determination of the amino acid composition of diet, ileal digesta, and feces samples and on the determination of dietary amino acid digestibility coefficients. J Agric Food Chem 40 981-985, 1992. 

Biosynthesis of carbohydrates, fatty acids Biosynthesis of membrane lipids, amino acids Nutrition and digestion Immune systems, antigens... 

Batal, A.B. and Dale, N.M. (2006) True metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility of distillers dried grains with solubles. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 15,89-93. 

Im, H.L., Ravindran, V., Ravindran, G., Pittolo, P.H. and Bryden, W.L. (1999) The apparent metabolisable energy and amino acid digestibility of wheat, triticale and wheat middlings for broiler chickens as affected by exogenous xylanase supplementation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 79,1727-1732. 

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