Amines isopropylamine

Amination. Isopropyl alcohol can be aminated by either ammonolysis ia the presence of dehydration catalysts or reductive ammonolysis usiag hydrogeaatioa catalysts. Either method produces two amines isopropylamine [75-31-0] and diisopropylamine [108-18-9]. Virtually no trisubstituted amine, ie, triisopropyl amine [122-20-3], is produced. The ratio of mono- to diisopropylamine produced depends on the molar ratio of isopropyl alcohol and ammonia [7664-41-7] employed. Molar ratios of ammonia and hydrogen to alcohol range from 2 1—5 1 (35,36). 

Angelici and Brink (40) have found that in the reactions of amine with trans-M(CO),(PPhMe2)2+ (M = Mn or Re), the rate of carbamoyl formation follows the order, n-butylamine > cyclohexyl-amine >, isopropylamine > sec-butylamine >> tert-butylamine, implying a strong steric effect in carbamoyl formation. A similar order has been observed in the rate of reaction of organic esters with amines to form amides (41). The data in Table III indicate that a steric effect may be operative in the Ru (CO) /NR3-catalyzed WGSR, since with tertiary amines the rate follows the order, NMeQ > MeNC.H > NEt > NBu0, which does not reflect the basicity of these amines. 

Thomas, T. J. et al., Amer. Inst. Aero. Astron. J., 1976, 14, 1334—1335 Ignition temperatures were determined by DTA for the perchlorate salts of ethyl-amine, isopropylamine, 4-ethylpyridine, poly(ethyleneimine), poly(propyleneimine), and poly(2- or 4-vinylpyridine). In contrast to the low ignition temperatures (175— 200°C) of the polymeric salts, mixtures of the polymeric bases with ammonium perchlorate decompose only above 300°C. 

Gobolos et al. studied reductive amination of acetone with ammonia in a flow system at 169-210°C and 0.8 MPa H2 (H2/NH3 = 0.5) on Raney Ni that had been modified by organic tin compounds with general formula of SnR l (R = Et, Bu, or benzyl) in order to suppress the formation of isopropyl alcohol.16 By introducing tin from tetraalkyl tin, the selectivity to the formation of secondary amine significantly increased at the expense of the primary amine (isopropylamine/diisopropylamine ratio = 68.2/24.1 at 192°C, compared to 83.6/8.6 at 190°C with unmodified catalyst). By modifying the catalyst with SnBzl2Cl2, the lowest selectivity (<1%) for the formation of isopropyl alcohol was obtained at temperatures of 171-202°C. The isopropy-lamine/diisopropylamine ratio was close to the values obtained on the unmodified catalyst (7.3% selectivity to isopropyl alcohol at 190°C). 

Amines Isopropylamine (112), morholine (115), diethylamine (94), dipentylamine (105) Solvents Benzene (72), Ethanol (10), quinoline (51), triethylene glycol (7). 

This is achieved by using monomers of the corresponding nature (nitroethylene and vinylidene cyanide are polymerized only anionically, whereas acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate polymerize by both anionic and free-radical mechanisms) and by carrying out polymerization in solvents whose molecules contain electron-donating groups (atoms) or an unshared electron pair (dimethyl formamide, tri ethyl amine, isopropylamine, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethylpropyl ketone, etc.). 

B) Secondary amines, (i) Aromatic amines. Monomethyl and monoethylaniline, diphenylamine. (ii) Aliphatic and other amines. Diethyhmine, di-n-propylamine, di-isopropylamine. Also piperidine piperazine diethylene-diamine). 

Amination of propylene The conversion of ammonia and propylene to isopropylamine and diisopropylamine was shown to take place over a sodium catalyst at ca. 25(TC and 850-1000 atm pressure (ref. 7). In contrast, we have found that these reagents... 

Amines Methylamine Dimethylamine Ethylamine Diethylamine Propylamine Dipropylamine Isopropylamine Diisopropylamine Butylamine ferf-Butylamine Allyl amine Cyclohexylamine... 

Reductive amination of dihydropyran (which may be regarded as the dehydration product of the cyclic acetal of 5-hydroxy-pentanal) in the presence of isopropylamine and a trace of acid affords the aminoalcohol, 96. Treatment of this compound with thionyl chloride affords the haloamine, 97. Alkylation of the quinoline, 92, with this halide yields pentaquine (98). ... 

The benzene was distilled from the extract and the residue of d-N-methyl-N-benzyl-)3-phenyl-isopropylamine was distilled at reduced pressure. The thus obtained free base, distilling at 127°C at a pressure of 0.2 mm of mercury and having an np of 1.5515, was dissolved in ethyl acetate and a molar equivalent of ethanolic hydrogen chloride was added thereto. Anhydrous ether was added to the mixture and d-N-methyl-N-benzyl-)3-phenylisopropyl-amine hydrochloride precipitated from the reaction mixture as an oil which was crystallized from ethyl acetate to give crystals melting at 129° to 130°C. 

V-[2-(3-Phenylprop-2-ynyloxy)benzylidene]isopropylamine (the structure in ref 95 is incorrect) undergoes a cyclization reaction to A -isopropyl-4-phenyl-l-benzoxepin-5-amine (1, 52% yield) when treated with butyllithium. 2-(Phenylethynyl)benzofuranis formed as a byproduct (4%).95... 

The detection limits for the aliphatic amines methyl, ethyl and isopropylamine are a few nanograms substance per chromatogram zone. 

The amine could be put in by reductive amination on the secondary side or via an amide on the primary side (Chapter T8) but this crow Jed compound can be made by simple alkylation of (22) with available isopropylamine. Sterlc hindrance prevents a second alkylation. 

A versatile synthesis of monoamine platinum(II) complexes of the type ptCl3(amine)], where the nature of the amine ligand can be varied readily, involves treatment of the iodo-bridged dimer [PtI(/r-I)L]2 (L = NH3, methylamine, ethylamine, isopropylamine, cyclobutylamine, and... 

Interaction, in presence of diluent below 0°C, with isopropylamine or isobuty-lamine caused separation of explosive liquids, and with aniline, phenylhydrazine and 1,2-diphenylhydrazine, explosive solids [1], In absence of diluents, contact with most aliphatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic amines often leads to uncontrolled oxidation and/or explosions [2], During oxidation of two steroidal dienes in dry pyridine at —35 to —40°C, on one occasion each of the reactions was accompanied by violent explosions [3],... 

It was found that in spite of the large excess of modifying amine (N-isopropyl-, -diethyl, -dipropyl, -diisopropyl, -n-hexyl, -cyclohexyl, -n-octyl), the extent of substitution did not exceed 5-10 molar %. For the case of the N-isopropyl derivative, i.e. [poly(AAm-co-NiPAAm)], the authors connected such results with the temperature-induced conformational transformation of partially hydrophobized copolymer acquiring the contracted conformation, "... which made it difficult for N-isopropylamine to react further with the amide groups [22], Unfortunately, no data on the solution behaviour of these interesting copolymers have been reported to date, although there is a high probability that they would demonstrate certain properties of the protein-like macromolecules. At least, in favour of similar supposition is supported by the results of our studies [23] of somewhat different PAAm partially hydrophobized derivative, whose preparation method is depicted in Scheme 3. 

N,N-Diethyl-2- [methyl(cyclohexyloxy)phosphoryl]sulfanyl -N-methylethanaminium Iodide N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine N,N-Diethylethanolamine N,N-Diethyl-N-(/3-hydroxyethyl)amine N,N-Diisopropyl-(jS)-aminoethanol N,N-Diisopropyl-2-aminoethanol /V,/V-I)i isopropylamine N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol /V,/V,-l)iisopropylcarbodiimide N,N-Diisopropylethanolamine N,N-Dimethyl-2-chloroethylamine N/N -DimethyM -bipyridinium /V,/V,-I)imethylhydrazine N,N-Dimethyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)amine /V,/Vd)irnethyl-/i-chloroethylamine /V,/V,-Methanetetrayl Biscyclohexanamine /V./V -Thiod i-2,1 -ethanediyl Bis(N-isopropyl)-2-propanamine N,a-Dimethylphenethylam ine... 

Fluorinated azetines 1 and 2 are obtained by treatment of perfluoro-2-methylpent-2-ene with heteroaromatic amines (e.g. 6-bromobenzothiazole) and with the more nucleophilic aliphatic amines (e.g. isopropylamine), respectively <00MI99>. 

The first example of this type of transformation was reported in 1974 [76]. Three catalysts were investigated, namely [Co2(CO)8], [Co(CO)g/PBu ], and [Rh6(CO)i6]. The [Co OJg/PBu ] catalyst showed activity for reductive animation using ammonia and aromatic amines. The [Rh6(CO)16] catalyst could be used for reductive animation using the more basic aliphatic amines that were found to poison the cobalt catalyst. This early report pointed out that the successful reductive animation of iso-butanal (Me2CCHO) with piperidine involves selective enamine hydrogenation, that reductive animation of cyclohexanone with isopropylamine probably involves imine hydrogenation, and that reductive amination of benzaldehyde with piperidine would presumably involve the reduction of a carbinolamine. 

Despite this superficial similarity, however, subtle differences between the behaviour of ionized amines and the analogous ionized alcohols and ethers remain. Thus, metastable ionized 2-butylamine loses 80% ethane in contrast, ionized 2-butanol eliminates both ethane (35%) and methane (40%)85. The latter reaction corresponds to loss of the smaller methyl group and an a-hydrogen atom from the larger ethyl substituent at the branch point. Methane loss does not occur from ionized amines with a methyl substituent on the -carbon, with the solitary exception of ionized isopropylamine which does expel methane (10%). However, ionized 3-hexylamine eliminates both ethane (35%) and propane (20%)85. 

A comparative study of the analysis of aliphatic amines by GC-FID, GC-TSD and HPLC with refractive index detector (RID), using isopropylamine as internal standard, gave good results in all cases. Determination of trimethylamine oxide by HPLC with a pulsed amperometric detector was problematic136. 

Combination of BP with 2-propanol or amines induces homopolymerization alone. The rate constants of BP 3 - isopropylamine and triethylamine are 2.95 10 and 2.42 1()9m-1s-1, respectively(22) whereas that of BP 3 - isooctane as a model of OPP is 1.0 lO M s l (24). Also hydrogen abstraction from 2-propanol(k=1.0 106 M s"1) (25) is much more efficient than that from aliphatic hydrocarbons. Even methanol is more reactive (k=2.8 10% - s - -) (25) than OPP towards BP 3. The aforementioned results and the finding that surface grafting does not occur in methanol are well interpreted by the following elementary reactions. 

With the same methodology, it was possible to quantify the gas-phase exchange equilibria of the (/f)-enantiomer of the chiral amines (M/ ), sec-butylamine, 1-cyclohexylethylamine, a-methylbenzylamine, and 1-(1-naphthyljethylamine with protonated (S,S)-3 ([Uss] ) or protonated (R,R)-3 ([U/ / ] ). One among the selected amines was introduced together with a reference achiral amine (Mjef), i e., isopropylamine or cyclohexylamine, into the FT-ICR cell, where they react with [Uss] or to form the corresponding [Uss M/ ]" and [U/j/j M/ ]" adducts. The... 

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