Amine-type compound

Primary amines. The nitrosation of primary amine type compounds yields small amounts of secondary amine type N-nitroso compound (14, 15, 16). The reaction mechanism is not well understood. 

Secondary amines. The reaction of secondary amine type compounds with nitrous acid (HO NO) has been reviewed extensively by Turney and Wright (17), Ridd (18), Scanlan (19) and Mirvish (20). In a system containing (HO NO) as the nitrosating agent, the possible nitrosyl carriers are (H2O NO), (NO2 NO) and (NO+). The reactivity of (NO+) is very low and it is not considered an effective nitrosating form. Nitrous acidium ion (H2O NO+) plays a significant role only at concentrated acidic condi tions. Therefore, it seems likely that at the dilute acidic conditions that are encountered in the environment, it is nitrous anhydride (N2O3 = NO2 NO) which nitrosates secondary amines. 

Tertiary amines. Tertiary amine type compounds, react with nitrous acid to yield secondary-amine type N-nitroso compounds. The myth that tertiary amines do not nitrosate to yield N-nitroso compounds, is a remarkable feat of misinformation that has persisted for over 100 years (23, 24, 25). 

Highly toxic to humans Amine-type compounds ... 

Fig. 5 Two out of a few enantiomeric separations observed on a native CF6 CSP (column 25 cm, 4.6 mm i.d.) (a) primary amine-type compound (b) binaphthyl-type compound. Mobile phases (a) heptane/ethanol/ trifluoroacetic acid 70/30/0.1 (% v/v) (b) heptane 100%. Flow rate 1 mL/min, UV detection 254 nm...

In order to electrochemically measure amine-type compounds the first starting point is the direct detection based on a variety of electrode substrates examined such as graphite, gold, nickel, boron-doped diamond and Ag-Pb alloy electrodes or on modified electrodes such as polymer and DNA layers. Other approaches involve amperometric biosensors for amines with immobilised amine oxidases or amine dehydrogenases have been reported based on either a direct or a mediated electron-transfer pathway. ... 

Deposited monolayers of such RX-type compounds as fatty acids and amines can be extremely tenaciously held, as evident for example, in frictional wear experiments (see Section XII-7) and in their stability against evaporation under... 

Secondary amines are compounds of the type R2NH They add to aldehydes and ketones to form carbmolammes but their carbmolamme intermediates can dehydrate to a stable product only m the direction that leads to a carbon-carbon double bond... 

Type I MCRs are usually reactions of amines, carbonyl compounds, and weak acids. Since all steps of the reaction are in equilibrium, the products are generally obtained in low purity and low yields. However, if one of the substrates is a bi-funchonal compound the primarily formed products can subsequently be transformed into, for example, heterocycles in an irreversible manner (type II MCRs). Because of this final irreversible step, the equilibrium is forced towards the product side. Such MCRs often give pure products in almost quantitative yields. Similarly, in MCRs employing isocyanides there is also an irreversible step, as the carbon of the isocyanide moiety is formally oxidized to CIV. In the case of type III MCRs, only a few examples are known in preparative organic chemistry, whereas in Nature the majority of biochemical compounds are formed by such transformations [3]. 

Fluorobenzene-type compounds have been used as functional groups in homobifunctional crosslinking agents (Chapter 4, Section 4). Their reaction with amines involves nucleophilic displacement of the fluorine atom with the amine derivative, creating a substituted aryl amine bond (Reaction 9). Detection reagents incorporating reactive aryl chemistry include 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene and trinitrobenzenesulfonate (Eisen et al., 1953). These compounds form... 

A homobifunctional amine-reactive compound can be used initially to modify the amine groups on particles, while leaving the remaining amine-reactive groups available to couple with ligands. This type of reaction must be done with the crosslinker in great excess to prevent polymerization of the amine particles themselves. There must be enough crosslinker present... 

B. Reactions of Radical Anions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Wurster s Red Type Compounds or Aromatic Amines... 

Fig. 2.12.15. FIA-APCI-MS-MS(+) (CID) product ion mass spectrum of cationic surfactant compound (m/z 538) fatty acid polyglycol amine type observed in the Saale river, Germany (general formula R—N H((CH2—CH2—OH)x)—(CH2—CH2—OH)y X fragmentation behaviour of [M]+ parent ion at m/z 538 under CID conditions is presented...

What kind of business This depends largely on what kind of dope you plan to manufacture. Amine-type precursors go hand in hand with perfumery or dyes. Nitrating-type compounds (nitromethane, nitroethane) are also used as solvents, and rocket fuels. Indole has been used in perfumery. Tyrosine and tryptophan are nutrients added to feeds. Urea is a plant fertilizer and a feed additive. 

The most frequently used synthesis of guanidines involves the displacement by an amine of a suitable group, X, from the amidine-type compound shown. 

Takemoto et al. were the first to report that hifunctional organocatalysts of the thiourea - tert-amine type efficiently promote certain Michael-reactions, e.g., the addition of P-dicarhonyl compounds to nitro olefins (Scheme 6) [43 5],... 

The reactions of the fused ring compound (5S) with secondary amines, giving (69) as a mixture of isomers and of (67) (X = Br) with t-butanol (and phenol) have been studied. With primary amines, cage compounds such as (68) are the major products Cage-forming reactions of this general type were first... 

For the synthesis of a-aminocarbonyl compounds, a number of O-organylhydroxyl-amine-type reagents have been used. Several 0-alkylhydroxylamines la-e were screened for amination of a-lithiated carboxylic acids (Scheme 11) °. However, the yields are... 

Diesel fuel detergents are usually organic amines, imides, succinimides, polyalkyl amines, or other polyamine-type compounds. These compounds function by dispersing and solubilizing deposit-forming compounds into the fuel. Some detergents can also remove existing deposits from fuel injection system parts. 

A second mechanism in the. aging of CTPB propellants also exists and proceeds concurrently with the reactions proposed above. It consists of an attack at the reactive points of unsaturation in the backbone polymer, which causes additional crosslinking and hence an increase in propellant modulus, particularly at the surface. The exposed surface of CTPB propellants changes, as indicated by an increase in hardness. Heavy metal ions are particularly harmful, and it was found that an increase from 10 to 80 p.p.m. of iron caused a significant increase in surface hardening by catalytic attack on the double bonds. Antioxidants in general provide sufficient protection for polymer storage. In CTPB propellants the antioxidant selected to protect the double bond is very important. Amine-type antioxidants have provided better surface stability than phenolic compounds. 

The morphology of rubber-based nanocomposites also seems to change in the presence of compounding ingredients [89, 90]. HNBR, when melt-compounded with organo-modified sodium montmorillonite clays (o-MMTs) prior to sulfur curing, resulted in the formation of nanocomposites with exfoliated or intercalated structures. In stark contrast, under similar conditions HNBR compounded with unmodified sodium montmorillonite clays (NA) formed microcomposites [90]. This was traced to its reactivity with the sulfur in the presence of amine-type organomodifiers. 

One of the aldehyde groups of the gossypol is believed to react with the primary amine of the lysine units of the cottonseed proteins to form the Schiff base or imine type compound as shown at the top of Figure 12 (16, 17). An analytical method for determination of bound gossypol, developed by Pons et al. 

Diethyizinc is changed to an active catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylen oxide by reacting it with an appropriate amount of water, alcohol, acetone, amine, nitro compound, or nitroso compound. This type of catalyst gives high molecular weight (over one million) polymers from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. 

A comparison of the tautomeric constants in the series of N4-substituted cytosines indicates an interesting trend. As seen above, in the case of cytosine itself, the ratio of the tautomers of the amine type 2 to those of the imine type 6 is about 105. In the case of jV4-amino-cytosine134 the amine form 22 predominates by a factor of about 30, while N4-hydroxy compounds have mainly the imine form 21 with tautomeric constant 10 [i.e., Kt (amine/imine) = — 10 1]. Another study136 of this constant gave the value of 25 [Kt (amine/imine) = 4 x 10-2] in favor of the imine. 

Rubber antioxidants are commonly of an aromatic amine type, such as dibeta-naphthyl-para-phenylenediamine and phenyl-beta-naphthylamine. Usually, only a small fraction of a percent affords adequate protection. Some antioxidants arc substitute phenolic compounds (butylatcd hydro -vamsole, di-tert-butyl-para-cresol, and propyl gallate). 

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