Alligator clips

Place the copper anode in the beaker, bending the strip to fit over the edge of the beaker. Secure the copper strip to the beaker using an alligator clip. See Figure A. 

Abstract Described are the synthetic routes to precisely defined molecular wires which are of discrete length and constitution. They are fully conjugated systems and are expected to have nearly linear current-voltage response curves. Their ends are functionalized with molecular alligator clips, based on chalconides and isonitriles, for adhesion between proximal probes. Both solution and solid-phase approaches have been used to prepare these molecular wires that are based on oligofthiophene ethynylene)s and oligofphe-nylene ethynylene)s. Molecular device syntheses are also described that would be expected to have nonlinear current-voltage responses. 

Keywords Molecular Wires a Molecular Devices a Alligator Clips a Conjugated Materials... 

Further, attachment of alligator clips to one or both sides of related molecules has been demonstrated (Figure 5).14,51 We have utilized several types of molecular alligator clips in a quest to minimize... 

Figure 5. Precise molecular wires bearing acetyl-protected alligator clips (SAc) at one and two ends.

Figure 11. Porphyrin-based molecular devices with alligator clips.

D. L. Pearson, J.M. Tour, Rapid Syntheses of 01igo(2,5-thiophene-ethynyleneis with ThioesterTermini Potential Molecular Scale Wires With Alligator Clips, J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62,1376-1387. 

J. S. Schumm, D. L Pearson, L Jones II, R, Hara, J. M. Tour, Potential Molecular Wires and Molecular Alligator Clips, Nanotechnology 1996, 2 430-433. 

J. M. Seminario, A. G. Zacarias, J. M. Tour, Molecular Alligator Clips for Single Molecule Electronics. Studies of Group 16 and Isonitriles Interfaced with Au Contacts, /. Am. Chem. Soc 1999,121, 411-416. 

Attach the alligator clip on the red lead to the red prohe of the voltmeter. Attach the hlack lead to the hlack prohe. 

Choose two wells to test. Insert one end of the salt bridge into the solution in the first well. Insert the other end of the salt bridge into the solution in the second well. Attach a free alligator clip to the electrode in each well. (Note The graphite electrode is very fragile. 

Remove the salt bridge and wipe any excess salt solution off the outside of the tubing. Remove the alligator clips from the electrodes. 

Chain ends are often functionalized with groups that can react with specific sites on another molecule. These functionalized sites are referred to as molecular alligator clips. The chain shown in structure 19.13 has two such functionalized groups or alligator clips, one on each end. These molecular alligator clips are normally designed to attach or anchor to a metal surface. Thus, this molecule is a candidate to connect two electrodes, acting as a molecular wire. 

Jones, L. Schumm, J. S. Tour, J. M. Rapid Solution and Solid Phase Synthesis of OHgo(l,4-phenyleneethynylene)s with Thioester Termini Molecular Scale Wires with Alligator Clips. Derivation of Iterative Reaction Efficiencies on a Polymer Support, J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1388-1410. 

Personnel should wear shoes with conductive soles and be grounded with the appropriate wrist and ankle straps. In an emergency, a grounded alligator clip fastened to a metallic watch band may be substituted. As a further precaution, materials should, where possible, be stored in metallic or conductive rubber containers in metal cabinets. Nylon garments should not be worn in view of their tendency to accumulate static charges. Fireproof metallized... 

The eight-metal electrode, the auxiliary and the reference electrode were connected with the corresponding alligator clip to the potentiostat. 

For the calibration of the constructed sensors and the electronic tongue, different stock solutions containing a single ion or both are prepared. These are KC1 solutions in doubly distilled water with concentrations 0.001 M, 0.01 M, 0.1 M and 1.0 M, NH4C1 solutions in doubly distilled water with concentrations 0.001 M, 0.01 M, 0.1M and 1.0 M, plus two KC1 and NH4C1 mixed solutions in doubly distilled water with concentrations of 0.01 M and 0.1 M of both ions, respectively. Accessory materials to facilitate construction and electrical connection are TV antenna coaxial cable, alligator clips (for an easy connection of the coated wire sensors) and epoxy resin (Araldit). 

We have synthesized molecules with regioisomeric variations in the placement of the nitro group and with quinone functionality,31 heterocyclic and porphyrin-based molecules,32 pyridine-based molecules,33 molecules with diazonium alligator clips,34 biphenyl- and fluorenyl-based molecules,35 nitrile terminated molecules,36 previously-published molecules with improved syntheses,37 and combinatorial methods of synthesizing tens to hundreds of molecule types at a time.38... 

The interactions between the thiol alligator clips of methanethiol or benzenethiol and an Au nanoparticle containing 13 atoms, Aui3, was simulated using DFT.63 Calculations showed significant structural modifications occurred when the thiolate formed a bond to the Au cluster. Carrying out the calculations with the limited-size cluster allowed simplification of the problem. The type of carbon atom to which the S atom was bound did not make much difference in the bonding of the S atom to the Auu cluster. 

L. Jones, II, J. S. Schumm, and J. M. Tour, Rapid solution and solid phase syntheses of oligo(l,4-phenylene ethynylene)s with thioester termini molecular scale wires with alligator clips. Derivation of iterative reaction efficiencies on a polymer support, J. Org. Chem. 62(5), 1388-1410 (1997). 

Starter Solenoid Auto Bomb The starter solenoid has three terminals, one large and two small. The large one runs directly to the battery and should be avoided. An electric detonator equipped with shrouded (insulated) alligator clips is clamped to the two smaller terminals. The explosive charge itself may be attached with magnets to the underside of the car or taped to the frame. The advantage is that it requires no internal access to the... 

---