Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium

OleFns and Fatty Alcohols. Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium (ABDM) quatematies are usually prepared from a-olefin or fatty alcohol precursors. Manufacturers that start from the fatty alcohol usually prefer to prepare the intermediate alkyldimethylamine direcdy by using dimethylamine and a catalyst rather than from fatty alkyl chloride. Small volumes of dialkyldimethyl and alkyltrimethyl quatematies in the Cg—range are also manufactured from these precursors (Fig. 4). 

The most widely used preservative remains benzalkonium chloride, which often is supplemented with disodium edetate. The benzalkonium chloride defined in the USP monograph is the quaternary ammonium compound alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, in which the alkyl portion is composed of a mixture of chain lengths ranging from C8 to C16. This compound s popularity is based, despite its compatibility limitations, on its being the most effective and rapid-acting preservative with excellent chemical stability. It is stable over a wide pH range and does not... 

Alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, quahty optimization of, 23 552 Alkyl (C12-C15) benzoate, 3 635 Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides, 2 21... 

Fig. 2.1.9. Mass chromatograms (m/z 58) of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides as their corresponding alkyldimethylamines and the internal standard (undecyldimethyl-amine) (a) prior to debenzylation and (b) after Hofmann degradation with potassium tert-butoxide and El mass spectra detected in river water. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [141]. 2001 by American Chemical Society.

A mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides of the general formula [C6H5-CH2 N(CH3)2 R]C1, in which R represents a mixture of the alkyls from CsHi7 to C18H37. CAS—8001-54-5... 

Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride BKC Hyamine 3S00 Pentonium Zephiran. 

Benzalkonium chloride is a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides of the general formula [CgH5CH2N(CH3)2R]Cl, where R represents a mixture of the alkyls from C8Hi7 to C18H37. In dilute solution (1 in 1000 to 1 in 2000) it may be used for the preoperative disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, for application to burns and wounds, and for cleaning polythene and nylon tubing and catheters. Benzalkonium chloride is also used as a preservative for eye-drops and as a permitted vehicle for the preparation of certain eye-drops. 

A, air H, water W, waste Al, aliphatic amine AA, aromatic amine PAA, polyaromatic amine ABDAC, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride AME, alkylamine ethoxylates T, tertiary amine PE, polyethylene PS/DVB, polystyrene/divinylbenzene PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane PA, polyacrylate PAB, polyacrilonitrilbutadiene. 

HA, heterocyclic amine AA, aromatic amine PA, polyamine Al, aliphatic amine N, nitrosamine MAM, Musk amino metabolities ABDACs, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides BCD, electron capture detection AED, atomic emission detection FID, flame ionization detection FPD, flame photometric detection GC-MS-SIM, GC-MS selected ion monitoring NPD, nitrogen phosphorus detection NlCl, negative-ion chemical ionization El, electron ionization CGC, capihary GC A, air H, water W, waste. 

HA, heterocyclic amine AA, aromatic amine Al, aliphatic amine ABDACs, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides. 

Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl chlorides. See Quaternium-18 Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, chlorides, reaction prods, with bentonite. See Quaternium-18 bentonite Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, chlorides, reaction prods, with hectorite. See Quaternium-18 hectorite Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, compds. with bentonite and C8-C18-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. See Quaternium-18/benzalkonium bentonite Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, methyl sulfates. See Quaternium-18 methosulfate Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydroxyethyl) methyltallow alkyl, chlorides. See PEG-2 tallowmonium chloride Quaternary ammonium compds.. Cl 2-18-alkyl (hydroxyethyl) dimethyl, chlorides. See Alkyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride Quaternary ammonium compds., C14-18 alkyl trimethyl, bromides. See Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide... 

Quaternium-18/benzalkonium bentonite Synonyms Quaternary ammonium compds., bis (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl, compds. with bentonite and C8-C18-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride Definition Reaction prod, of bentonite, quaternium-18, and benzalkonium chloride Uses Vise, control agent, gellant in cosmetics thixotrope for paints... 

CE is a separation technique that may be an alternative to LC to determine alkyl chain distribution of anionic and cationic surfactants. Most of the studies refer to alkylbenzyldimethylammonium with UV absorbance detection (Figure 2). Other uses of CE include the separation of homologs of anionic surfactants (as AS) and cationic (as alkyltrimethylammonium) by isotachophoresis with conductometric detection and homologs of non-UV absorbing surfactants (AS, alkylsulfonate, alkylsarcosinates and dialkyldimethylammonium) by capillary zone electrophoresis using indirect detection. 

Homologs of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium, particularly benzalkonium chloride (BAK), used as disinfectants and bactericides can be determined at microgram per milliliter levels in effluents from hospitals by LC using postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection. Also, BAK was determined after sample treatment using SPE with LC-MS and LC-MS/MS detection in waste and river waters. 

Synonyms N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethyl-benzenemethanaminium chloride benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride monohydrate Cetalkonium chloride monohydrate Cetol monohydrate N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylbenzenemethanaminium chloride monohydrate benzyl hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride Ci6-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride benzyl-n-hexadecyl dimethylammonium chloride monohydrate... 

Benzalkcmium chloride is available as Benzalkonium Chloride Solution (Ph. Eur.) which contains a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides in water at a concentration of 500 g/L (50 % w/v). If the final concentration of benzalkonium chloride in a product has to be 0.01 % (either w/v or w/w), for 1,000 mL of the preparation 100 mg of benzalkonium chloride is required. Volume measuring would require 0.2 mL of the Benzalkonium Chloride Solution (50 % w/v) to be taken which cannot be performed with adequate accuracy because of its high viscosity. For weighing instead, the density of the solution has to be known. Density may be taken from the product certificate issued by the manufacturer or it has to be measured. If the density would be 0.9805 g/mL (as measured) one should weigh 196 mg of the 50 % Benzalkonium Chloride Solution for 1,000 mL of the solution to be prepared. 

The disinfection efficacy of quats depends on the length of the aliphatic residue attached to the quaternary nitrogen. In a smdy comparing the activity of homologous series of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides. Cutler et al. [4] determined that the optimal bacteridical activity waa foimd for C12-C14 alkyl chains. Reybrouck (personal communication) has shown that maximum benzalkonium chloride bactericidal activity is found with the Ci4 alkyl chain compound. 

Figure 6.40 Composite diagram showing primary phase boundaries between sodium cromoglycate and an homologous series of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides at 25°C. The diagram for the C14 compound is shown with details of the phases observed.

AlkylBDMAC = = Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. ClBz = chlorobenzene. Total surfactant concentration = 3... 

Cationic surfactants. Cationic surfactants, frequently belonging to alkylpyridinum, alkyl-benzyldimethylammonium and trimethylammonium types, are conunonly determined in skin care cosmetics and hair and mouth formulations, using reversed-phase LC with UV, conductivity or RI detection. Thus, Benassi et al. (1989) developed a method to analyse cetylpyridinium chloride and alkylbenzyldimethyl chloride in cosmetic products (mouthwashes, dental products. ..) by reversed-phase LC. The necessary chromatographic conditions comprise a deactivated bonded-phase column and an acetonitrile/aqueous phosphate in acid pH solution as a mobile phase. LC analysis of multicomponent het-erophasic matrixes, such as cosmetic products, drugs and foods, has been studied by Bettero et al. (1990). Ci2 i6 alkylbenzyldimethylammonium homologues were separated using UV detection after dilution in a tetrahydrofuran water solution. 

Nakae, A., K. Kunihiro, G. Muto, Homologous alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides and alkylpyridinium halides by HPLC,X Chromatogr., 1977,134,459-466. 

Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium compounds may be first converted to the corresponding alkyldimethylamines by hydrogenation, then converted to the cyanamide or trichloroethyl carbamate derivatives for gas chromatography analysis (95). The derivatives may be analyzed at relatively low column temperatures, and may be detected with great sensitivity using a nitrogen-selective detector. 

Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium salts can be hydrogenated to give toluene and alkyidimethylamine. The amine is sufficiently volatile for direct gas chromatographic determination of the alkyl distribution (104). Alternatively, the amine may be derivatized to increase its volatility (95). 

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