Alcohols cyclohexanol

Alcohols. Methanol, ethanol, n propanol, propan-i-ol.n-butanol, glycol, glycerol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol. 

Riboflavin forms fine yellow to orange-yeUow needles with a bitter taste from 2 N acetic acid, alcohol, water, or pyridine. It melts with decomposition at 278—279°C (darkens at ca 240°C). The solubihty of riboflavin in water is 10—13 mg/100 mL at 25—27.5°C, and in absolute ethanol 4.5 mg/100 mL at 27.5°C it is slightly soluble in amyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, amyl acetate, and phenol, but insoluble in ether, chloroform, acetone, and benzene. It is very soluble in dilute alkah, but these solutions are unstable. Various polymorphic crystalline forms of riboflavin exhibit variations in physical properties. In aqueous nicotinamide solution at pH 5, solubihty increases from 0.1 to 2.5% as the nicotinamide concentration increases from 5 to 50% (9). 

Obtain five small dry test-tubes (75 x 10 mm.) and introduce 1 ml. of the following alcohols into each ethyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, sec.-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol and fert.-butyl alcohol. Add a minute fragment of sodium to each and observe the rate of reaction. Arrange the alcohols in the order of decreasing reactivity towards sodiiun. 

In a similar way, numerous P-chloroalkylphosphonic acids undergo fast and quantitative hydrolysis at pH > 5 94). A typical example is the fragmentation of 2-chloro-decyl-l-phosphonic acid in the presence of cyclohexylamine with formation of 1-decene (in contrast, other bases such as pyridine, triethylamine, and dimethylaniline effect only HC1 elimination to form 1-decene-l-phosphonic acid). Added alcohols, such as ethanol, allyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, tert-butanol, and phenol are phosphorylat-ed. 

Varieties of primary and secondary alcohols are selectively oxidized to aldehyde or carbonyl compounds in moderate to excellent yields as summarized in Table 3. As can be seen, /(-substituted benzyl alcohols (e.g., -Cl, -CH3, -OCH3, and -NO2) yielded > 90% of product conversion in 3-4 h of reaction time with TOP in the range of 84-155 h (entries 2-5, Table 3), Heterocyclic alcohols with sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compoimds are found to show the best catalytic yield with TOP of 1517 and 902 h for (pyrindin-2-yl)methanol and (thiophene-2-yl) methanol, respectively (entries 9 and 10, Table 3). Some of aliphatic primary alcohols (long chain alcohols) and secondary alcohols (cyclohexanol, its methyl substituted derivatives and norboman-2-ol) are also selectively oxidized by the membrane catalyst (entries 11-14 and 15-17, Table 3) with TOP values in the window of 8-... 

Very recently, Hu et al. claimed to have discovered a convenient procedure for the aerobic oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols utilizing a TEMPO based catalyst system free of any transition metal co-catalyst (21). These authors employed a mixture of TEMPO (1 mol%), sodium nitrite (4-8 mol%) and bromine (4 mol%) as an active catalyst system. The oxidation took place at temperatures between 80-100 °C and at air pressure of 4 bars. However, this process was only successful with activated alcohols. With benzyl alcohol, quantitative conversion to benzaldehyde was achieved after a 1-2 hour reaction. With non-activated aliphatic alcohols (such as 1-octanol) or cyclic alcohols (cyclohexanol), the air pressure needed to be raised to 9 bar and a 4-5 hour of reaction was necessary to reach complete conversion. Unfortunately, this new oxidation procedure also depends on the use of dichloromethane as a solvent. In addition, the elemental bromine used as a cocatalyst is rather difficult to handle on a technical scale because of its high vapor pressure, toxicity and severe corrosion problems. Other disadvantages of this system are the rather low substrate concentration in the solvent and the observed formation of bromination by-products. 

Carry out the Lucas test with iso-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, sec.-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol and iert.-butyl alcohol. Obtain an unknown alcohol from the instructor for test. 

Some interesting solvent effects observed in the TBHP-SOi-initiated polymerization of MMA have been mentioned before. It has been further observed that when polymerization of MMA and AN is carried out in the presence of alcohols, the rate of polymerization is in the order methanol > ethanol > isopropyl alcohol > tert-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol. This suggests that the over-all polymerization mechanism (or the initiation mechanism itself) depends on the polar contribution of the alcohol. A similar observation was made by Imoto et al. with a benzoic anhydride— dimethylaniline N-oxide system as the initiator (20). 

An acid catalyst is used to promote loss of water, and in dilute H2SO4 or HC1 the absence of good nucleophiles ensures that substitution does not compete. Under these conditions, the secondaiy alcohol cyclohexanol gives cyclohexene,... 

Amyl alcohol Cyclohexanol Phenyl ethyl alcohol... 

A) Solubility. To 4 ml of distilled water add, drop by drop, 10-15 drops of l-butanol until no more dissolves. Save the tube. Repeat, using ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, and phenol. The last is solid, therefore use 0.5 g. Likewise determine the solubility of a nitrophenol if available. Treat solutions as directed in section (B). 

Cyclic Alcohols Cyclohexanol (hexalin) o-Methylcyclohexanol p-Methylcyclohexanol... 

Interaction with a range of alcohols (n-propanol to n-octanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol) to form the alkoxides usually led to explosions unless air in the containing vessel was displaced by nitrogen before addition of potassium in small portions with stirring. 

Oxidations.1 The reagent compares favorably with N-haloamides and chromic acid for oxidation of secondary alcohols. Cyclohexanol is oxidized to cyclohexanone in 90-95% yield at room temperature. Less easily oxidized alcohols may require higher temperatures to initiate the free-radical reaction. The oxidation may become too vigorous if cooling is insufficient or if run on a large scale. 

Hydrogen donors for hydroesterification may be primary or secondary alcohols, cyclohexanol, phenol or polyols. Linear or branched primary alcohols react similarly secondary alcohols are less active and tertiary alcohols are not suitable. The reactivity of various olefins has been compared. ... 

Cyclohexyl Alcohol cyclohexanol PiiP" ill jiiaftiily sis Eval 40 mol% VA content... 

In our laboratory, the kinetics of a great number of catalytic reactions on various catalysts have been investigated by Tolstopyatova, the author, and their co-workers. Among these have been studied the reactions of cyclohexane cyclohexene cyclohexadiene tetralin decalin cumene ethylbenzene methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, ti-butyl, and isobutyl alcohols cyclohexanol formic acid and others both pure and in... 

Entries III-l and HI-2 show that the much more polar ketones cyclohexanone and 2-cyclohexen-1 -one also possess very high toluene phase affinities. The alcohol cyclohexanol (entry IV-1) exhibits a higher partition coefficient than cyclohexanone, and a phenyl-containing silyl ether derivative (entry XII-2) shows a value even... 

Properties Gardner 11 solid, flakes sol. in aromatic, aliphatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, low-KB aliphatic ink oils, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, MEK, butyl Carbitol acetate, and diethyl Carbitol dens. 1.05 kg/l G-H vise. S (70% in toluene) soften, pt. (R B) 100 C acid no. < 1 sapon. no. < 1 flash pt. (COC) 232 C Picco 5120 [Eastman]... 

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