Alcohol abuse treatment

Deficiency of cyanocobalamin, or vitamin B12, can result in reduced visual acuity secondary to optic nerve dysfunction. Causes range from malabsorption to alcohol abuse.Treatment is with oral (1,000 to 2,000 meg daily)... 

Nearly 46 percent of treatment admissions were for illicit drug abuse treatment, and 54 percent were alcohol abuse treatment. 

Supplement biotin deficiency states, increased requirement (alcohol abuse, treatment with biotin antagonists)... 

Ciraulo DA, Jaffe JH Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of depression associated with alcoholism. Clin Psychopharmacol 1 146—150, 1981 Ciraulo DA, Nace E Benzodiazepine treatment of anxiety or insomnia in substance abuse patients. Am J Addict 9 276—284, 2000 Ciraulo DA, Barnhill JG, Jaffe JH, et al Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 2-hydroxy-imipramine in alcoholics and normal controls. J StudAlcohol 51 366-372, 1990 Ciraulo DA, Knapp CM, LoCastro J, et al A benzodiazepine mood effect scale reliability and validity determined for alcohol-dependent subjects and adults with a parental history of alcoholism. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 27 339—347, 2001 Collins MA Tetrahydropapaveroline in Parkinson s disease and alcoholism a look back in honor of Merton Sandler. Neurotoxicology 25 117-120, 2004 COMBINE Study Research Group Testing combined pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions in alcohol dependence rationale and methods. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 27 1107-1122, 2003a... 

Petrakis IL, O Malley S, Rounsaville B, et al Naltrexone augmentation of neuroleptic treatment in alcohol abusing patients with schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 172 291-297, 2004... 

Kleber HD, Weissman MM, Rounsaville BJ, et al Imipramine as treatment for depression in addicts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 649-633, 1983 Kleber HD, Riordan CE, Rounsaville BJ, et al Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42 391-394, 1983 Kleber HD, Topazian M, Gaspari J, et al Clonidine and naltrexone in the outpatient treatment of heroin withdrawal. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 13 1-17, 1987 Kornetsky C. Brain stimulation reward, morphine-induced stereotypy, and sensitization implications for abuse. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 27 777-786, 2004 Kosten TR, Kleber HD Buprenorphine detoxification from opioid dependence a pilot study. Life Sci 42 633-641, 1988... 

McLellan AT, Luborsky L, Woody GE, et al Predicting responses to alcohol and drug abuse treatments role of psychiatric severity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 620-625, 1983... 

Milby JB, Sims, MK, KhuderS.etal Psychiatriccomorbidity prevalencein methadone maintenance treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 22 95—107, 1996... 

Mirin SM, Weiss RD, Michael J Psychopathology in substance abusers diagnosis and treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 14 139—157, 1988... 

Seecof R, Tennant FS Subjective perceptions to the intravenous rush of heroin and cocaine in opioid addicts. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 12 79—87, 1987 Sees KL, Delucci KL, Masson C, et al Methadone maintenance vs. 180-day psycho-socially enriched detoxification for treatment of opioid dependence a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 283 1303-1310, 2000 Sells SB Treatment effectiveness, in Handbook on Drug Abuse. Edited by Dupont RE, Goldstein A, O Donnell J. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979, pp 105-118... 

KaniaJ, Kofoed L Drug use by alcoholics in outpatient treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 10 529-534, 1984... 

Chermack ST, Blow FC Violence among individuals in substance abuse treatment the role of alcohol and cocaine consumption. Drug Alcohol Depend 66 29—37, 2002... 

Kosten TR, Kleber HD Rapid death during cocaine abuse a variant of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 14 335-346, 1988 Kosten TR, Kleber HD, Morgan C Treatment of cocaine abuse with buprenorphine. Biol Psychiatry 26 637—639, 1989... 

Fiellin DA, Pantalon MV, Pakes JP, et al Treatment of heroin dependence with bu-prenorphine in primary care. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 28 231-241, 2002 Fleming M, Manwell LB Brief intervention in primary care settings a primary treatment method for at-risk, problem, and dependent drinkers. Alcohol Res Health... 

Outpatient group members were very similar to the inpatient PCP abusers in most sociodemographic and drug-use characteristics. Their mean age was 29 years, educational level 12.6 years, and number of prior arrests 1.5. The majority of outpatients were black (83 percent), unmarried (67 percent), and unemployed (67 percent). Their mean duration of PCP use was almost 8 years, with, usually, no prior or recent substance abuse treatment. Thirty-seven percent used PCP at least daily, always by smoking. Like the inpatient PCP abusers, outpatients frequently (87 percent) reported abuse of other drugs alcohol (46 percent), marijuana (46 percent), and cocaine (37 percent). Several outpatients for whom cocaine was the preferred drug of abuse used PCP as a "cheaper high" when cocaine was not affordable. 

Approximately one-third of patients with MDD do not respond satisfactorily to their first antidepressant medication.37 In such cases, the clinician must evaluate the adequacy of antidepressant therapy, including dosage, duration, and patient compliance.17 Treatment reappraisal also should include verification of the patient s diagnosis and reconsideration of clinical factors that could be impeding successful therapy, such as concurrent medical conditions (e.g., thyroid disorder), comorbid psychiatric conditions (e.g., alcohol abuse), and psychosocial issues (e.g., marital stress).16... 

Kozlowski, L. T., Henningfield, J. E., Keenan, R. M., Lei, H., et al., Patterns of alcohol, cigarette, and caffeine and other drug use in two drug abusing populations. Special Issue Towards a broader view of recovery Integrating nicotine addiction and chemical dependency treatments. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 1993 Mar-Apr Vol 10(2), 171-179, 1993. 

Walsh DC, Hingson RW and Merrigan DM (1991). A randomised trial of treatment options for alcohol-abusing workers. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 775-782. 

Woody GE, McLellan AT, Alterman AA and O Brien CP (1991). Encouraging collaboration between research and clinical practice in alcohol and other drug abuse treatment. Alcohol Health Research of the World, 15, 221-227. 

The (+)-enantiomer, DOV 21,947, is approximately twice as potent at NET and SERT as DOV 216,303. The minimum effective dose in both mouse tail suspension and rat FST models is 5mg/kg [87,88]. The (—)-enantiomer, DOV 102,677, is less potent than DOV 216,303 across all three transporters [89]. It is active in the FST in rats with a minimum effective dose of 20mg/kg. DOV 102,677 is as effective as methylphenidate in reducing the amplitude of the startle response in juvenile mice, without notably altering motor activity. It is reportedly under development for the treatment of alcohol abuse and alcoholism [68]. 

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